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The Relationship between Negative Symptoms and Both Emotion Management and Non-social Cognition in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 December 2020

Caitlin O. B. Yolland Open the ORCID record for Caitlin O. B. Yolland [Opens in a new window] ,
Sean P. Carruthers ,
Wei Lin Toh ,
Erica Neill ,
Philip J. Sumner ,
Elizabeth H. X. Thomas Open the ORCID record for Elizabeth H. X. Thomas [Opens in a new window] ,
Eric J. Tan Open the ORCID record for Eric J. Tan [Opens in a new window] ,
Caroline Gurvich Open the ORCID record for Caroline Gurvich [Opens in a new window] ,
Andrea Phillipou  and
Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen
...Show all authors
Caitlin O. B. Yolland*
Affiliation:
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
Sean P. Carruthers
Affiliation:
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
Wei Lin Toh
Affiliation:
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
Erica Neill
Affiliation:
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
Philip J. Sumner
Affiliation:
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
Elizabeth H. X. Thomas
Affiliation:
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University and The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Eric J. Tan
Affiliation:
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
Caroline Gurvich
Affiliation:
Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University and The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Andrea Phillipou
Affiliation:
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen
Affiliation:
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
Susan L. Rossell
Affiliation:
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Caitlin O. B. Yolland, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria3122, Australia. E-mail: cyolland@swin.edu.au
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Abstract

Objective:

There is ongoing debate regarding the relationship between clinical symptoms and cognition in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). The present study aimed to explore the potential relationships between symptoms, with an emphasis on negative symptoms, and social and non-social cognition.

Method:

Hierarchical cluster analysis with k-means optimisation was conducted to characterise clinical subgroups using the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms and Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms in n = 130 SSD participants. Emergent clusters were compared on the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, which measures non-social cognition and emotion management as well as demographic and clinical variables. Spearman’s correlations were then used to investigate potential relationships between specific negative symptoms and emotion management and non-social cognition.

Results:

Four distinct clinical subgroups were identified: 1. high hallucinations, 2. mixed symptoms, 3. high negative symptoms, and 4. relatively asymptomatic. The high negative symptom subgroup was found to have significantly poorer emotion management than the high hallucination and relatively asymptomatic subgroups. No further differences between subgroups were observed. Correlation analyses revealed avolition-apathy and anhedonia-asociality were negatively correlated with emotion management, but not non-social cognition. Affective flattening and alogia were not associated with either emotion management or non-social cognition.

Conclusions:

The present study identified associations between negative symptoms and emotion management within social cognition, but no domains of non-social cognition. This relationship may be specific to motivation, anhedonia and apathy, but not expressive deficits. This suggests that targeted interventions for social cognition may also result in parallel improvement in some specific negative symptoms.

Keywords

SchizophreniaCognitionNegative SymptomsCluster analysisPsychosisSchizoaffective disorder
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 27 , Issue 9 , October 2021 , pp. 916 - 928
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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