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Theory of Mind in Mild Cognitive Impairment – Relationship with Limbic Structures and Behavioural Change

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 August 2019

Johannes C. Michaelian ,
Loren Mowszowski ,
Adam J. Guastella ,
Julie D. Henry ,
Shantel Duffy ,
Donna McCade  and
Sharon L. Naismith
Johannes C. Michaelian
Affiliation:
Healthy Brain Ageing Program, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, 2006, Australia
Loren Mowszowski
Affiliation:
Healthy Brain Ageing Program, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
Adam J. Guastella
Affiliation:
Healthy Brain Ageing Program, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
Julie D. Henry
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
Shantel Duffy
Affiliation:
Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, 2006, Australia Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
Donna McCade
Affiliation:
Healthy Brain Ageing Program, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia
Sharon L. Naismith*
Affiliation:
Healthy Brain Ageing Program, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, 2006, Australia
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Sharon Naismith, Healthy Brain Ageing Program, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett St, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia. E-mail: sharon.naismith@sydney.edu.au
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Abstract

Objectives:

Older adults presenting with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have a higher risk of developing dementia and also demonstrate impairments in social cognition. This study sought to establish whether in people with MCI, poorer theory of mind (ToM) was associated with volumetric changes in the amygdala and hippocampus, as well as early changes in behaviour.

Methods:

One hundred and fourteen people with MCI and fifty-two older adult controls completed the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), while close informants (e.g., spouse/family member/friend/carer) described any current behavioural changes using the Revised Cambridge Behavioural Inventory (CBI-R). A subsample of participants completed structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Results:

The MCI group showed poorer performance on all neuropsychological tests administered, and moderate reductions on the RMET compared to the control group (d = .44), with greater reduction observed in those with amnestic compared to non-amnestic MCI (p = .03). While a robust correlation was identified between poorer RMET performance and smaller hippocampal volume in the control group (ρ = .53, p = .01), this relationship was not apparent in the MCI group (ρ = .21, p = .11). In the MCI group, poorer RMET performance was associated with poorer everyday skills (ρ = −.26, p = .01) assessed by the CBI-R.

Conclusions:

Our findings cross-validate previous reports that social cognitive deficits in ToM are a feature of MCI and also suggest that disruptions to broader neural networks are likely to be implicated. Furthermore, ToM deficits in MCI are associated with a decline in everyday skills such as writing or paying bills.

Keywords

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI)Theory of mind (ToM)Social cognitionRMETAmygdalaHippocampusCBI-R
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 25 , Issue 10 , November 2019 , pp. 1023 - 1034
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2019 

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