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Time-Based Prospective Memory Is Associated with Functional Performance in Persons with MS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 September 2019

Erica Weber Open the ORCID record for Erica Weber [Opens in a new window] ,
Nancy D. Chiaravalloti ,
John DeLuca  and
Yael Goverover
Erica Weber
Affiliation:
Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
Nancy D. Chiaravalloti
Affiliation:
Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
John DeLuca
Affiliation:
Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
Yael Goverover*
Affiliation:
Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA Department of Occupational Therapy, NYU Steinhardt, New York, NY 10003, USA
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Yael Goverover, PhD, OT, Department of Occupational Therapy, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, 35 West 4th Street, 11th Floor, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA. E-mail: yg243@nyu.edu
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Abstract

Objective:

Persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) often report prospective memory (PM) failures that directly impact their everyday life. However, it is not known whether PM deficits confer an increased risk of poorer everyday functioning. The aims of this study were to: (1) compare time- (Time-PM) and event-based PM (Event-PM) performance between persons with MS and healthy controls (HCs), (2) examine the neuropsychological correlates of PM in MS, and (3) examine the relationship between PM and everyday functioning in MS.

Method:

A between-subjects design was used to examine 30 adults with MS and 30 community-dwelling HC. Participants were administered the Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST) to assess PM skills, the Actual Reality™ (AR) to assess everyday functioning, and a battery of cognitive tests.

Results:

The MS group performed significantly worse on Time-PM compared to HC but not on Event-PM tasks. While both Time-PM and Event-PM subscales were correlated with retrospective learning and memory, the MIST Time-PM subscale was correlated with executive functions. Significant correlations were observed between AR and the MIST Time-PM, but not Event-PM, subscales.

Conclusions:

The results highlight the role of executive functions on Time-PM. Furthermore, significant relationships with AR extend the ecological validity of the MIST to MS populations.

Keywords

Multiple sclerosisMemory (episodic)Time factorsActivities of daily livingNeurocognitive disorders
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 25 , Issue 10 , November 2019 , pp. 1035 - 1043
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2019 

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