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White Matter Predictors of Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2012

Irene B. Meier ,
Jennifer J. Manly ,
Frank A. Provenzano ,
Karmen S. Louie ,
Ben T. Wasserman ,
Erica Y. Griffith ,
Josina T. Hector ,
Elizabeth Allocco  and
Adam M. Brickman
Irene B. Meier
Affiliation:
Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
Jennifer J. Manly
Affiliation:
Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
Frank A. Provenzano
Affiliation:
Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
Karmen S. Louie
Affiliation:
Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
Ben T. Wasserman
Affiliation:
Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
Erica Y. Griffith
Affiliation:
Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
Josina T. Hector
Affiliation:
Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
Elizabeth Allocco
Affiliation:
Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
Adam M. Brickman*
Affiliation:
Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Adam M. Brickman, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, P&S Box 16, New York, NY 10032. E-mail: amb2139@columbia.edu
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Abstract

Few studies have applied multiple imaging modalities to examine cognitive correlates of white matter. We examined the utility of T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) -derived white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and diffusion tensor imaging-derived fractional anisotropy (FA) to predict cognitive functioning among older adults. Quantitative MRI and neuropsychological evaluations were performed in 112 older participants from an ongoing study of the genetics of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in African Americans. Regional WMH volumes and FA were measured in multiple regions of interest. We examined the association of regional WMH and an FA summary score with cognitive test performance. Differences in WMH and FA were compared across diagnostic groups (i.e., normal controls, mild cognitive impairment, and probable AD). Increased WMH volume in frontal lobes was associated with poorer delayed memory performance. FA did not emerge as a significant predictor of cognition. White matter hyperintensity volume in the frontal and parietal lobes was increased in MCI participants and more so in AD patients relative to controls. These results highlight the importance of regionally distributed small vessel cerebrovascular disease in memory performance and AD among African American older adults. White matter microstructural changes, quantified with diffusion tensor imaging, appear to play a lesser role in our sample. (JINS, 2012, 18, 414–427)

Keywords

Magnetic resonance imagingWhite matter hyperintensitiesDiffusion tensor imagingCognitionAlzheimer's diseaseAfrican Americans
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 18 , Issue 3 , May 2012 , pp. 414 - 427
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2012

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