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Does GenBank provide a reliable DNA barcode reference to identify small alien oysters invading the Mediterranean Sea?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 August 2014

F. Crocetta ,
P. Mariottini ,
D. Salvi Open the ORCID record for D. Salvi [Opens in a new window]  and
M. Oliverio
F. Crocetta
Affiliation:
Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, I-80121 Napoli, Italy
P. Mariottini
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze, Università ‘Roma Tre’, Viale G. Marconi 446, I-00146 Rome, Italy
D. Salvi
Affiliation:
CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
M. Oliverio*
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Charles Darwin’, Università di Roma ‘La Sapienza’, Viale dell'Università 32, I-00185 Rome, Italy
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: M. Oliverio, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Charles Darwin’, Università di Roma ‘La Sapienza’, Viale dell'Università 32, I-00185 Rome, Italy email: marco.oliverio@uniroma1.it
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Abstract

The Mediterranean Sea is currently under siege by a conspicuous alien pressure, and, within some families (e.g. the Ostreidae), the number of native species seems to be remarkably outnumbered by that of the alien ones. We wanted to test the reliability of the molecular data currently available on the small alien oysters recently invading the Mediterranean Sea. Samples from Greece and Turkey, encompassing the known species-specific morphological variation, were sequenced for the markers with the widest taxonomic coverage in the group of small oysters (i.e. the 16S rDNA and the COI). The sequences obtained have been compared with those available in GenBank, and a possible identification at the species level has been finally tested in a DNA-barcoding fashion. The present results clearly demonstrated that our samples belong to a single, morphologically highly variable species. Their 16S sequences were closely related to a sequence registered under the name Dendostrea folium, with a genetic distance which does not warrant conspecificity. Additionally, a remarkable number of sequences retrieved from the GenBank (of both genes) did not form a monophyletic group according to the published classification of the vouchers, suggesting—at least in part—an origin from specimens not properly identified. Both genes seem promising for use as DNA-barcode, although the COI will probably prove more effective. Therefore, we urge the availability of a baseline of oyster pedigreed DNA barcode sequences in the public databases, to allow the use of such genetic data to reliably monitor bio-invasions in the Mediterranean Sea.

Keywords

DNA-barcodingMolluscaoystersalien speciesMediterranean
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 95 , Issue 1 , February 2015 , pp. 111 - 122
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2014 

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