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Embryonic brooding and clonal propagation in tropical eastern Pacific cupuladriid bryozoans

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 August 2009

Aaron O'Dea ,
Andrew N. Ostrovsky  and
Felix Rodríguez
Aaron O'Dea*
Affiliation:
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, MRC 0580-01, Apartado 0843–03092 Panamá, República de Panamá
Andrew N. Ostrovsky
Affiliation:
Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Soil Science, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaja nab. 7/9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia Department of Palaeontology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Geography and Astronomy, Geozentrum, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
Felix Rodríguez
Affiliation:
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, MRC 0580-01, Apartado 0843–03092 Panamá, República de Panamá
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: A. O'Dea, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, MRC 0580-01, Apartado 0843–03092, Panamá, República de Panamá email: odeaa@si.edu
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Abstract

Colonial invertebrates often mix sexual and asexual methods of propagation, and a comprehensive understanding of both is required for life history study. The asexual cloning of new colonies in cupuladriid bryozoans is much better studied than the formation of new colonies by sexual reproduction. As such, the relative investments of sexual and asexual modes of propagation remain uncertain. This preliminary study explores patterns of embryonic brooding as a measure of investment into sexual reproduction. We conduct a survey of quantity and arrangement of embryos in tropical eastern Pacific cupuladriid colonies and compare this to the frequency of cloning. Species populations show considerable variation in embryonic brooding. Patterns of brooding, both across and within species strongly support the hypothesis that as cloning increases, investment into sexual reproduction decreases. We find preliminary evidence that individual cupuladriid colonies that propagate sexually may senesce like solitary organisms, while species that regularly clone only appear to experience senescence at the level of the zooid.

Keywords

embryonic broodingclonal propagationtropical eastern Pacificcupuladriid bryozoans
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 90 , Issue 2 , March 2010 , pp. 291 - 299
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2009

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