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Macrofauna inhabiting the sponge Paraleucilla magna (Porifera: Calcarea) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2013

André Padua ,
Emilio Lanna  and
Michelle Klautau
André Padua
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941–902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Emilio Lanna
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941–902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, 40170-175, Campus de Ondina, Salvador, BA, Brasil
Michelle Klautau*
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941–902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Michelle Klautau, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941–902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil e-mail: mklautau@biologia.ufrj.br
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Abstract

Sponges (phylum Porifera) are important components of the benthic marine fauna known for their interactions with vertebrates and a large number of invertebrates seeking for food, shelter or substrate for attachment. Studies on this subject, however, were restricted only to the macrofauna inhabiting sponges of the class Demospongiae. In the present work, we describe the macrofauna associated with a calcareous sponge in Brazil, Paraleucilla magna. Individuals of this allegedly non-native species were monthly collected during one year in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Fifty-one taxa representing ten animal phyla were found associated with P. magna. The most frequent and abundant taxa were Crustacea, Mollusca, Polychaeta and Bryozoa, while echinoderms, cnidarians, ascidians, nemerteans, platyhelminthes and sponges were less frequent or even rare and less abundant. Juveniles of several taxa and pregnant females of Crustacea were found associated with P. magna, but these associations were not exclusive. The macrofauna associated with P. magna did not present a clear seasonality, although it was possible to observe a change in the community composition alongside the year. The volume of the sponges was significantly related to the diversity index (H′) and number of taxa, but not with evenness (J′) and number of individuals. Our results show that P. magna is used as a substrate for attachment and/or shelter by its associates and that most of these associations are just opportunistic. The data presented here reiterate a previous proposal that sponges are important biodiversity reservoirs and that they should be seriously considered in conservation programmes.

Keywords

associationecologyCrustaceaMolluscaPolychaetaBryozoa
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 93 , Issue 4 , June 2013 , pp. 889 - 898
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2013 

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