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Phylogeography and genetic diversity of Ophidiaster ophidianus (Echinodermata: Asteroidea)—evidence for a recent range expansion in the Azores

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2014

J. Micael ,
P. Rodrigues ,
A.C. Costa  and
M.J. Alves
J. Micael*
Affiliation:
CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Polo dos Açores, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
P. Rodrigues
Affiliation:
CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Polo dos Açores, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
A.C. Costa
Affiliation:
CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Polo dos Açores, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
M.J. Alves
Affiliation:
Centro de Biologia Ambiental and Museu Nacional de História Natural, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua da Escola Politécnica, 1250-102 Lisboa, Portugal
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: J. Micael, CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Polo dos Açores, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Sao Miguel, Azores, Portugal email: jfmicael@yahoo.com
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Abstract

The seastar Ophidiaster ophidianus is a vulnerable and protected species in the Mediterranean Sea but is common on North Atlantic islands such as the Azores and Madeira archipelagos. This work presents new insights into the phylogeography and genetic diversity of O. ophidianus from the Azores, based on 67 sequences of the 16S mitochondrial gene and 46 sequences of the nuclear ATP intron 5 gene. Twenty-six samples from the Mediterranean and seven samples from Madeira were used as out-groups. The results revealed that there is a lack of genetic differentiation between O. ophidianus from the Azores and the out-groups. All, therefore, belong to the same lineage and argue for a fast and recent range expansion of this species into the Azores. Our results also suggest the existence of distinctive periods of strong gene flow followed by periods of either low or non-existent gene flow between the Mediterranean Sea and this archipelago, which could explain the presence of private haplotypes in all studied areas.

Keywords

purple seastarechinodermsexpansionphylogeographygenetic structureAzores
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 94 , Issue 7 , November 2014 , pp. 1475 - 1484
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2014 

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