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Predation of larval benthic invertebrates in St George’s Bay, Nova Scotia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2012

Jessie Short ,
Anna Metaxas  and
Rémi M. Daigle
Jessie Short*
Affiliation:
Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2
Anna Metaxas
Affiliation:
Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2
Rémi M. Daigle
Affiliation:
Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: J. Short, Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4J1 email: shortj02@student.uwa.edu.au
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Abstract

Larval survival during planktonic dispersal is crucial to the connectivity among benthic populations. Although predation has been suggested as an important cause of larval mortality, this process has rarely been quantified in the field. We measured the abundance of various larval species in the water column in St George’s Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada, on 3 different occasions in summer (August 2008, July and August 2009), the period of high larval abundance in our region. We sampled four numerically dominant predators (scyphozoans: Cyanea capillata and Aurelia aurita; fishes: Gasterosteus aculeatus and Merluccius bilinearis) and lobster larvae near the water surface with a neuston net and other larval species in the water column (3 m depth) with a ring net. Larvae found in the gut contents of the predators included various species of gastropods, crustaceans and bivalves, and these were more abundant in the scyphozoans than the fishes. We attribute these differences to variation in predation method. For certain larval taxa, we found significant differences between the proportional abundance in the guts of C. capillata and in the water column, indicating prey selectivity. This study evaluates the potential impact of predation on larval survival and indicates that the presence of predators can cause changes in abundance and consequent taxonomic shifts in species dominance of larvae, influencing their successful subsequent recruitment to the benthos.

Keywords

larval abundancepredationselectivitymeroplanktonbenthic invertebrateslarval mortality
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 93 , Issue 3 , May 2013 , pp. 591 - 599
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2012

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