Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T12:16:08.713Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Zoroastrian motifs in non-Zoroastrian traditions1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2008

WERNER SUNDERMANN
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

We owe to Zoroaster one of the oldest religions of mankind. We cannot call Zoroaster's doctrine a world religion in the strict sense, for it did not spread far beyond the limits of the Iranian world, nor did its followers spread over the world as the Parsis do now and the Manichaeans once did. But many ideas first expressed by Zoroaster or his followers, such as the all-encompassing dualism of good and evil, light and darkness, or the resurrection of the dead in the flesh, or the responsibility of mankind for the fate of this world and the world beyond, have influenced, from the middle of the first millennium BCE on, the spirituality of the near eastern peoples and so also the religions of Judaism, and by way of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, too. This is sufficient to grant the religion of Zoroaster a most important position in the history of human religiosity.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society , Volume 18 , Issue 2 , April 2008 , pp. 155 - 165
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Asiatic Society 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1

Professor Mary Boyce memorial lecture, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, May 2007

References

Allberry cf. Psalm-Book.Google Scholar
Anklesaria, cf. Bundahišn.Google Scholar
Avesta, ed. Darmesteter, J., Le Zend-Avesta III, (Paris 1892/3, 1960).Google Scholar
Benfey, Th.; Stern, M., Über die Monatsnamen einiger Völker, insbesondere der Perser, Cappadocier, Juden und Syrer, (Berlin, 1836).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beyer, K., Die aramäischen Texte vom Toten Meer samt den Inschriften aus Palästina, dem Testament Levis aus der Kairoer Genisa, der Fastenrolle und den alten talmudischen Zitaten I, Göttingen 1984, II, (Göttingen, 2004)Google Scholar
Blois, F. de; Hunter, E.C.D.; Taillieu, D., Dictionary of Manichaean Texts II. Texts from Iraq and Iran (Texts in Syriac, Arabic, Persian and Zoroastrian Middle Persian), Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum, Turnhout 2006.Google Scholar
Böhlig cf. Kephalaia.Google Scholar
Brockelmann, C., Kurzgefaβte vergleichende Grammatik der semitischen Sprachen, (London, New York, 1908).Google Scholar
Bundahišn, Smaller, ed. Justi, F., Der Bundehesh, (Leipzig, 1868); Greater Bundahišn, ed. Anklesaria, B.T., The Bûndahîshn, (Bombay, 1908); trl. Anklesaria, B.T., Zand-Ākāsīh. Iranian or Greater Bundahišn, (Bombay, 1956).Google Scholar
Dēnkard, ed. Madan, Dh.M., The Complete Text of the Pahlavi Dinkard I-II, (Bombay, 1911).Google Scholar
Dommershausen, W., “Tobias (Buch)”, Bibel-Lexikon”, ed. Haag, H., (Leipzig, 1969), col. 1759–1761.Google Scholar
Durkin-Meisterernst, D., Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian, Corpus Fontium Manichaeorun III, 1, (Turnhout, 2004).Google Scholar
Ferdousi, Šāhnāme: ed. Mohl, J., Le Livre des rois par Abou'lkasim Firdousi II, Paris 1842 = 1976; ed. Vullers, J.A., Liber regum qui inscribitur Schahname I, Lugduni Batavorum 1877; Moskva edition, Šāx-nāme. Kritičeskiy tekst II, Mokva 1962; ed. Moṭlaq, J. Ḫāleqī, Šāhnāme II, Costa Mesa e.a. 1990.Google Scholar
Flügel, G., Mani. Seine Lehre und seine Schriften, (Leipzig, 1862; Osnabrück, 1969).Google Scholar
Gardner cf. Kephalaia.Google Scholar
Gignoux, Ph., Les quatre inscriptions du Mage Kirdīr. Textes et concordances, Studia Iranica, Cahier no 9, (Paris, 1991).Google Scholar
Gray, L.H., The Foundations of the Iranian Religion, Bombay [1930].Google Scholar
Gutmann, J.; Scholem, G., “Aschmedai”, Encyclopaedia Judaica III, (Berlin, 1929), col. 498–502.Google Scholar
Ḫāleqī Moṭlaq cf. Ferdousi.Google Scholar
Henning, W.B., “Sogdian Tales”, BSOAS II, 1945, pp. 465–487 = W.B. Henning, Selected Papers II, (Leiden Téhéran – Liège 1977), pp. 169–191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hübschmann, H., Persische Studien, (Strassburg, 1895).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Justi cf. Bundahišn.Google Scholar
Kephalaia: [ed. Polotsky, H.J., Böhlig, A.], Stuttgart 1940; trl. I. Gardner, The Kephalaia of the Teacher. The Edited Coptic Manichaean Texts in Translation with Commentary, (Leiden, New York, Köln 1995).Google Scholar
Kotwal, F.M.P., The Supplementary Texts to the Šāyest nē-šāyest, Copenhagen 1969.Google Scholar
Kreyenbroek, Ph., Sraoša in the Zoroastrian Tradition, (Leiden, 1985).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, J., Wörterbuch über die Talmudim und Midraschim I and IV, (Darmstadt, 1963).Google Scholar
Löhr, M., “Das Buch Tobit”, Die Apokryphen und Pseudepigraphen des Alten Testaments, ed. Kautzsch, E., I, (Tübingen, 1900), pp.135–147.Google Scholar
Lurker, M., Lexikon der Götter und Dämonen, (Stuttgart, 1989).Google Scholar
MacKenzie, D.N., “Kerdir's Inscription”, in: Herrmann, G., Rock Reliefs at Naqsh-i Rustam, (Berlin, 1989).Google Scholar
Madan cf. Dēnkard.Google Scholar
Mēnōg ī xrad: ed. West, E.W., The Book of Mainyo-i-Khard, (Stuttgart, London, 1871).Google Scholar
Mohl cf. Ferdousi.Google Scholar
Pines, Sh., “Wrath in Pahlavi, in Jewish and New Testament Sources”, Irano-Judaica. Studies relating to Jewish contacts with Persian culture throughout the ages, ed. Shaked, Sh., (Jerusalem, 1982), pp. 76–82.Google Scholar
Polotsky cf. Kephalaia.Google Scholar
Psalm-Book: Allberry, C.R.C. (ed.), A Manichaean Psalm-Book II, (Stuttgart, 1938)Google Scholar
Ryan, M.R., “Asmodaeus”, New Catholic Encyclopedia I, (San Francisco e.a., 1967), p. 958.Google Scholar
Scholem, G., cf. Gutmann.Google Scholar
Scheftelowitz, I., Die altpersische Religion und das Judentum, (Gieβen, 1920).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skjærvø, P.O., “‘Kirdir's Vision’: Translation and Analysis”, AMI 16, 1983, pp. 269–306.Google Scholar
Stave, E., Über den Einfluβ des Parsismus auf das Judentum, (Haarlem, 1898).Google Scholar
Steingass, F., A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary, (London 1892, 1963).Google Scholar
Stern cf. Benfey.Google Scholar
Sundermann, W., “Die Jungfrau der guten Taten”, Recurrent Patterns in Iranian Religions, Studia Iranica. Cahier 11, 1992, pp. 166–173.Google Scholar
Ṯa˓ālibī, Ġurar aḫbār mulūk al-furs, ed. Zotenberg, A., Histoire des rois des Perses, (Paris, 1900).Google Scholar
Vermes, G., The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls in English, (New York e.a., 1997).Google Scholar
Vullers cf. Ferdousi.Google Scholar
Williams, A.V., The Pahlavi Rivāyat Accompanying the Dādestān ī Dēnīg, (Copenhagen, 1990), I (text); II (translation).Google Scholar
West, E.W., The Sacred Books of the East XXXVII, ed. Müller, F.M., (Oxford, 1892).Google Scholar
West cf. Mēnōg ī xrad.Google Scholar
Zaehner, R.Ch., The teaching of the Magi. A Compendium of Zoroastrian Beliefs, (London, 1956).Google Scholar
Zotenberg cf. Ṯa˓ālibī.Google Scholar