Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T07:06:09.766Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Theorizing identity in language and sexuality research

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 October 2004

MARY BUCHOLTZ  and
KIRA HALL
MARY BUCHOLTZ
Affiliation:
Department of Linguistics, 3607 South Hall, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-3100, bucholtz@linguistics.ucsb.edu
KIRA HALL
Affiliation:
Department of Linguistics, Campus Box 295, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0295, kira.hall@colorado.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The field of language and sexuality has gained importance within socioculturally oriented linguistic scholarship. Much current work in this area emphasizes identity as one key aspect of sexuality. However, recent critiques of identity-based research advocate instead a desire-centered view of sexuality. Such an approach artificially restricts the scope of the field by overlooking the close relationship between identity and desire. This connection emerges clearly in queer linguistics, an approach to language and sexuality that incorporates insights from feminist, queer, and sociolinguistic theories to analyze sexuality as a broad sociocultural phenomenon. These intellectual approaches have shown that research on identity, sexual or otherwise, is most productive when the concept is understood as the outcome of intersubjectively negotiated practices and ideologies. To this end, an analytic framework for the semiotic study of social intersubjectivity is presented.We are deeply indebted to Rusty Barrett, Jennifer Coates, Rudi Gaudio, Donna Goldstein, Jane Hill, Sally McConnell-Ginet, Bonnie McElhinny, Robin Queen, and Sara Trechter for their incisive comments on an earlier version of this article. In-depth conversations with Stacey Duke, Deena Hill, Anna Livia, and Jon McCammond helped us work through many thorny issues. For helpful feedback on oral presentations of some of this material, we are also grateful to audiences at the International Gender and Language Association Conference in Lancaster, the Lavender Languages and Linguistics Conference, the Department of Linguistics at Stanford University, and the Department of Anthropology at the University of Chicago; special thanks to James Fernandez for detailed suggestions. Any remaining weaknesses are our own responsibility.

Keywords

Sexualityfeminismidentitydesirequeer linguistics
Type
Research Article
Information
Language in Society , Volume 33 , Issue 4 , October 2004 , pp. 469 - 515
Copyright
© 2004 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Agha, Asif (1998). Stereotypes and registers of honorific language. Language in Society 27:151–93.Google Scholar
Agha, Asif (2003a). The social life of cultural value. Language and Communication 23:231–73.Google Scholar
Agha, Asif (2003b). Registers of language. In Alessandro Duranti (ed.), A companion to linguistic anthropology, 23–45. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Ahearn, Laura M. (2001). Invitations to love: Literacy, love letters, and social change in Nepal. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Althusser, Louis (1971). Ideology and ideological state apparatuses. In his Lenin and philosophy and other essays, 127–86. Trans. Ben Brewster. New York: Monthly Review Press.
Armstrong, James D. (1997). Homophobic slang as coercive discourse among college students. In Livia & Hall 1997a, 326–34.
Atkinson, J. Maxwell, & Heritage, John (1984). Structures of social action: Studies in conversation analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Baker, Paul (2002). Polari: The lost language of gay men. London: Routledge.
Barrett, Rusty (1997). The “homo-genius” speech community. In Livia & Hall 1997a, 181–201.
Barrett, Rusty (1999). Indexing polyphonous identity in the speech of African American drag queens. In Bucholtz et al. 1999, 313–31.
Barrett, Rusty (2002). Is queer theory important for sociolinguistic theory? In Kathryn Campbell-Kibler et al. (eds.), Language and sexuality: Contesting meaning in theory and practice, 25–43. Stanford: CSLI Press.
Barrett, Rusty (2003). Competing models of language and sexuality. Estudios de Sociolingüistica 4:533–562.Google Scholar
Bell, Allan (2001). Back in style: Reworking audience design. In Penelope Eckert & John R. Rickford (eds.), Style and sociolinguistic variation, 139–69. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Benjamin, Jessica (1998). Shadow of the other: Intersubjectivity and gender in psychoanalysis. New York: Routledge.
Bergvall, Victoria L.; Bing, Janet M.; & Freed, Alice F. (eds.) (1996). Rethinking language and gender research: Theory and practice. London: Longman.
Besnier, Niko (2003). Crossing gender, mixing languages: The linguistic construction of transgenderism in Tonga. In Holmes & Meyerhoff 2003, 279–301.
Boellstorff, Tom (forthcoming). Gay language in Indonesia. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology.
Bourdieu, Pierre ([1972] 1978). Outline of a theory of practice. Trans. Richard Nice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bourdieu, Pierre (1977). The economics of linguistic exchanges. Social Science Information 16:645–68.Google Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgment of taste. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Bourdieu, Pierre (1991). Language and symbolic power. Ed. John B. Thompson. Trans. Gino Raymon & Matthew Adamson. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Braun, Virginia, & Kitzinger, Celia (2001). Telling it straight?: Dictionary definitions of women's genitals. Journal of Sociolinguistics 5:214–32.Google Scholar
Bucholtz, Mary (1996). Geek the girl: Language, femininity, and female nerds. In Natasha Warner et al. (eds.), Gender and belief systems: Proceedings of the Fourth Berkeley Women and Language Conference, 119–31. Berkeley: Berkeley Women and Language Group.
Bucholtz, Mary (1999a). You da man: Narrating the racial other in the linguistic production of white masculinity. Journal of Sociolinguistics 3:443–60.Google Scholar
Bucholtz, Mary (1999b). “Why be normal?”: Language and identity practices in a community of nerd girls. Language in Society 28:203–23.Google Scholar
Bucholtz, Mary (2001). The whiteness of nerds: Superstandard English and racial markedness. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 11:84–100.Google Scholar
Bucholtz, Mary (2003). Sociolinguistic nostalgia and the authentication of identity. Journal of Sociolinguistics 7:398–416.Google Scholar
Bucholtz, Mary; Liang, A. C.; & Sutton, Laurel A. (eds.) (1999). Reinventing identities: The gendered self in discourse. New York: Oxford University Press.
Bucholtz, Mary, & Hall, Kira (2003). Language and identity. In Alessandro Duranti (ed.), A companion to linguistic anthropology, 369–94. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Butler, Judith (1990). Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity. New York: Routledge.
Butler, Judith (1997). Excitable speech: A politics of the performative. New York: Routledge.
Cameron, Deborah (1992). Feminism and linguistic theory. 2nd ed. New York: St. Martin's.
Cameron, Deborah (1997). Performing gender identity: Young men's talk and the construction of heterosexual masculinity. In Sally Johnson & Ulrike Hanna Meinhof (eds.), Language and masculinity, 47–64. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Cameron, Deborah, & Kulick, Don (2003a). Language and sexuality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cameron, Deborah, & Kulick, Don (2003b). Introduction: Language and desire in theory and practice. Language and Communication 23:93–105.Google Scholar
Certeau, Michel de ([1974] 1984). The practice of everyday life. Trans. Steven Rendall. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Channell, Joanna (1997). “I just called to say I love you”: Love and desire on the telephone. In Harvey & Shalom 1997, 143–69.
Chodorow, Nancy (1989). Feminism and psychoanalytic theory. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Coates, Jennifer (forthcoming). “Everyone was convinced that we were closet fags”: Hegemonic masculinity and the importance of being heterosexual. In Helen Sauntson & Sakis Kyratzis (eds.), Language, love and sexuality. London: Palgrave.
Coates, Jennifer, & Cameron, Deborah (eds.) (1988). Women in their speech communities. London: Longman.
Coates, Jennifer, & Jordan, Mary Ellen (1997). Que(e)rying friendship: Discourses of resistance and the construction of gendered subjectivity. In Livia & Hall 1997a, 214–32.
Cohen, Cathy (1997). Punks, bulldaggers, and welfare queens: The radical potential of queer politics? Gay and Lesbian Quarterly 3:437–65.Google Scholar
Crawford, Mary (1995). Talking difference: On language and gender. London: Sage.
Derrida, Jacques ([1972] 1982). Signature event context. Trans. Alan Bass. In Margins of philosophy, 307–30. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Dundes, Alan; Leach, Jerry W.; & Özkök, Bora ([1972] 1986). The strategy of Turkish boys' verbal dueling rhymes. In John J. Gumperz & Dell Hymes (eds.), Directions in sociolinguistics: The ethnography of communication, 130–60. New York: Basil Blackwell.
Eckert, Penelope (1999). Response to Kulick. Paper presented at the Sixth Language and Culture Online Symposium. 〈http://www.language-culture.org/colloquia/symposia/kulick-don/〉
Eckert, Penelope (2000). Language variation as social practice. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Eckert, Penelope (2002). Demystifying sexuality and desire. In Kathryn Campbell-Kibler et al. (eds.), Language and sexuality: Contesting meaning in theory and practice, 99–110. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Eckert, Penelope, & McConnell-Ginet, Sally (1992). Think practically and look locally: Language and gender as community-based practice. Annual Review of Anthropology 21:461–90.Google Scholar
Eder, Donna (1993). “Go get ya a French!”: Romantic and sexual teasing amoung adolescent girls. In Deborah Tannen (ed.), Gender and conversational interaction, 17–31. New York: Oxford University Press.
Ehrlich, Susan (2001). Representing rape: Language and sexual consent. New York: Routledge.
Foucault, Michel ([1978] 1990). The history of sexuality, vol. 1. Trans. Robert Hurley. New York: Vintage.
Freed, Alice F. (1999). Communities of practice and pregnant women: Is there a connection? Language in Society 28:257–71.Google Scholar
Gal, Susan (1990). Between speech and silence: The problematics of research on language and gender. In Micaela DiLeonardo (ed.), Gender at the crossroads of knowledge: Toward a new anthropology of gender, 175–203. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Gal, Susan, & Irvine, Judith T. (1995). The boundaries of languages and disciplines: How ideologies construct difference. Social Research 62:967–1001.Google Scholar
Garber, Linda (2001). Identity poetics: Race, class, and the lesbian-feminist roots of queer theory. New York: Columbia University Press.
Gaudio, Rudolf P. (1997). Not talking straight in Hausa. In Livia & Hall 1997a, 416–29.
Gaudio, Rudolf P. (2001). White men do it too: Racialized (homo)sexualities in postcolonial Hausaland. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 11:36–51.Google Scholar
Giles, Howard; Coupland, Justine; & Coupland, Nikolas (eds.) (1991). Contexts of accommodation: Developments in applied sociolinguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ginsburg, Faye (1987). Procreation stories: Reproduction, nurturance, and procreation in life narratives of abortion activists. American Ethnologist 14:623–36.Google Scholar
Goldstein, Donna (2003). Laughter out of place: Race, class, violence, and sexuality in a Brazilian shantytown. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Goodwin, Charles (1994). Professional vision. American Anthropologist 96:606–33.Google Scholar
Grice, H. Paul (1975). Logic and conversation. In Peter Cole & Jerry L. Morgan (eds.), Syntax and semantics 3: Speech acts, 41–58. New York: Academic Press.
Hall, Kira (1995). Lip service on the fantasy lines. In Hall & Bucholtz 1995, 183–216.
Hall, Kira (1996). Lexical subversion in India's hijra community. In Natasha Warner et al. (eds.), Gender and belief systems: Proceedings of the Fourth Berkeley Women and Language Conference, 279–92. Berkeley: Berkeley Women and Language Group.
Hall, Kira (1997). “Go suck your husband's sugarcane!”: Hijras and the use of sexual insult. In Livia & Hall 1997a, 430–60.
Hall, Kira (2001). Performativity. In Alessandro Duranti (ed.), Key terms in language and culture, 180–183. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Hall, Kira (2003). Exceptional speakers: Contested and problematized gender identities. In Holmes & Meyerhoff 2003, 353–80.
Hall, Kira (forthcoming). Intertextual sexuality: Parodies of class, identity, and desire in liminal Delhi. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 15.
Hall, Kira, & Bucholtz, Mary (eds.) (1995). Gender articulated: Language and the socially constructed self. New York: Routledge.
Hall, Kira, & O'Donovan, Veronica (1996). Shifting gender positions among Hindi-speaking hijras. In Victoria L. Bergvall et al. (eds.), Rethinking language and gender research: Theory and practice, 228–66. London: Longman.
Harvey, Keith, & Shalom, Celia (eds.) (1997a). Language and desire: Encoding sex, romance and intimacy. London: Routledge.
Harvey, Keith, & Shalom, Celia (1997b). Introduction. In Harvey & Shalom 1997a, 1–17.
Herring, Susan C. (1999). The rhetorical dynamics of gender harassment on-line. Information Society 15:151–67.Google Scholar
Holmes, Janet, & Meyerhoff, Miriam (eds.) (2003). The handbook of language and gender. Oxford: Blackwell.
Huffer, Lynne (2001). “There is no Gomorrah”: Narrative ethics in feminist and queer theory. Differences 12(3):1–32.Google Scholar
Irigaray, Luce (1985). This sex which is not one. Trans. Catherine Porter with Carolyn Burke. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Irvine, Judith T. (2001). “Style” as distinctiveness: The culture and ideology of linguistic differentiation. In Penelope Eckert & John R. Rickford (eds.), Style and sociolinguistic variation, 21–43. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Irvine, Judith T., & Gal, Susan (2000). Language ideology and linguistic differentiation. In Paul V. Kroskrity (ed.), Regimes of language: Ideologies, polities, and identities, 35–84. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press.
Jackson, Peter A. (2003). Gay adaptation, tom-dee resistance and kathoey indifference: Thailand's gender/sex minorities and the episodic allure of queer English. In William L. Leap & Tom Boellstorff (eds.), Speaking in queer tongues: Globalization and gay language, 202–30. University of Illinois Press.
Jagose, Annamarie (2000). Queer world making: Annamarie Jagose interviews Michael Warner. Genders Online Journal 31. 〈http://www.genders.org/g31/g31_jagose.html〉Google Scholar
Jeffreys, Sheila (1985). The spinster and her enemies: Feminism and sexuality 1889–1914. London: Pandora.
Kendall, Shari, & Magenau, Keller (1998). “He's calling her Da Da!”: Lesbian mothers and discursive gender ideologies in child custody cases. In Suzanne Wertheim et al. (eds.), Engendering communication: Proceedings from the Fifth Berkeley Women and Language Conference, 259–70. Berkeley: Berkeley Women and Language Group.
Kiesling, Scott (1997). Power and the language of men. In Sally Johnson & Ulrike Hanna Meinhof (eds.), Language and masculinity, 65–85. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Kiesling, Scott (2002). Playing the straight man: Displaying and maintaining male heterosexuality in discourse. In Kathryn Campbell-Kibler et al. (eds.), Language and sexuality: Contesting meaning in theory and practice, 249–66. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Kitzinger, Celia (ms.). Kinship in action: Reproducing the normative heterosexual nuclear family in “after hours” medical calls.
Kristeva, Julia (1980). Desire in language. Ed. Leon S. Roudiez. Trans. Thomas Gora et al. New York: Columbia University Press.
Kulick, Don (1997). The gender of Brazilian transgendered prostitutes. American Anthropologist 99:574–85.Google Scholar
Kulick, Don (1998). Travesti. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Kulick, Don (1999a). Language and gender/sexuality. Paper presented at the Sixth Language and Culture Online Symposium. 〈http://www.language-culture.org/colloquia/symposia/kulick-don/〉
Kulick, Don (1999b). Transgender and language: A review of the literature and suggestions for the future. GLQ 5:605–22.Google Scholar
Kulick, Don (2000). Gay and lesbian language. Annual Review of Anthropology 29:243–85.Google Scholar
Kulick, Don (2002). Queer linguistics? In Kathryn Campbell-Kibler et al. (eds.), Language and sexuality: Contesting meaning in theory and practice, 65–68. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Kulick, Don (2003a). Language and desire. In Holmes & Meyerhoff 2003, 119–41.
Kulick, Don (2003b). No. Language and Communication 23:139–51.Google Scholar
Labov, William (1966). The social stratification of English in New York City. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics.
Lacan, Jacques ([1972–73] 1998). On feminine sexuality: The limits of love and knowledge. Trans. Bruce Fink. New York: W. W. Norton.
Lambert, Helen (2001). Not talking about sex in India: Indirection and the communication of bodily intention. In Bill Watson & Joy Hendry (eds.), An anthropology of indirect communication, 51–67. New York: Routledge.
Langford, Wendy (1997). “Bunnikins, I love you snugly in your warren”: Voices from subterranean cultures of love. In Harvey & Shalom 1997a, 170–85.
Leap, William L. (1994). Can there be gay discourse without gay language? In Bucholtz et al. (eds), Cultural performances: Proceedings of the third Berkeley Women and Language Conference, 399–408. Berkeley: Berkeley Women and Language Group.
Leap, William L. (ed.) (1995). Beyond the lavender lexicon. Amsterdam: Gordon & Breach.
Leap, William L. (1996). Word's out: Gay men's English. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Leigh, Mike (1988). High hopes (video). Distributed by Nova Entertainment.
Le Page, R. B., & Tabouret-Keller, Andrée (1985). Acts of identity: Creole-based approaches to language and ethnicity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Liang, A. C. (1999). Conversationally implicating lesbian and gay identity. In Mary Bucholtz et al. (eds.), Reinventing identities, 293–310. New York: Oxford University Press.
Limón, José E. ([1989] 1996). Carne, carnales, and the carnivalesque: Bakhtinian batos, disorder, and narrative discourses. In Donald Brenneis & Ronald K. S. Macaulay (eds.), The matrix of language: Contemporary linguistic anthropology, 182–203. Boulder: Westview.
Livia, Anna (1995). “I ought to throw a Buick at you”: Fictional representations of butch/femme speech. In Hall & Bucholtz 1995, 245–78.
Livia, Anna (1997). Disloyal to masculinity: Linguistic gender and liminal identity in French. In Livia & Hall 1997, 349–68.
Livia, Anna (2002a). The future of queer linguistics. In Kathryn Campbell-Kibler et al. (eds.), Language and sexuality: Contesting meaning in theory and practice, 85–97. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Livia, Anna (2002b). Camionneuses s'abstenir: Lesbian community creation through the personals. In Campbell-Kibler et al. (eds.), 191–206.
Livia, Anna, & Hall, Kira (eds.) (1997a). Queerly phrased: Language, gender, and sexuality. New York: Oxford University Press.
Livia, Anna, & Hall, Kira (1997b). “It's a girl!”: Bringing performativity back to linguistics. In Livia & Hall 1997a, 3–18.
Lucas, Ian (1997). The color of his eyes: Polari and the Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence. In Livia & Hall 1997a, 85–94.
Manalansan, Martin F. (1995). “Performing” the Filipino gay experience in America: Linguistic strategies in a transnational context. In Leap 1995, 249–66.
Martin, Biddy ([1993] 1997). Extraordinary homosexuals and the fear of being ordinary. In Elizabeth Weed & Naomi Schor (eds.), Feminism meets queer theory, 109–135. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Martin, Biddy (1996). Femininity played straight: The significance of being lesbian. New York: Routledge.
McConnell-Ginet, Sally (2002). Queering semantics: Definitional struggles. In Kathryn Campbell-Kibler et al. (eds.), Language and sexuality, 137–60. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
McElhinny, Bonnie (1996). Strategic essentialism in sociolinguistic studies of gender. In Natasha Warner et al. (eds.), Gender and belief systems: Proceedings of the Fourth Berkeley Women and Language Conference, 469–80. Berkeley: Berkeley Women and Language Group.
McElhinny, Bonnie (2002). Language, sexuality and political economy. In Kathryn Campbell-Kibler et al. (eds.), Language and sexuality, 111–34. Stanford: CSLI Press.
McIlvenny, Paul (ed.) (2002). Talking gender and sexuality. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Mendoza-Denton, Norma (1995). Pregnant pauses: Silence and authority in the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas hearings. In Hall & Bucholtz 1995, 51–66.
Mendoza-Denton, Norma (1996). “Muy macha”: Gender and ideology in gang-girls' discourse about makeup. Ethnos 61:47–63.Google Scholar
Mendoza-Denton, Norma (1999). Fighting words: Latina girls, gangs, and language attitudes. In D. Letticia Galindo & María Dolores Gonzales (eds.), Speaking Chicana: Voice, power, and identity, 39–56. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
Morrish, Elizabeth (1997). “Falling short of God's ideal”: Public discourse about lesbians and gays. In Livia & Hall 1997a, 335–45.
Morrish, Elizabeth, & Leap, William (2003). Sex talk: Language, desire, identity, and beyond. http://www.american.edu/cas/anthro/lavenderlanguages/LizandBillFINAL.html
Morton, Donald (1993). The politics of queer theory in the (post)modern moment. Genders 17:121–50.Google Scholar
Morton, Donald (ed.) (1996). The material queer: A lesbigay cultural studies reader. Boulder, CO: Westview.
Murphy, M. Lynne (1997). The elusive bisexual: Social categorization and lexico-semantic change. In Livia & Hall 1997a, 35–57.
Murray, Stephen O. (1999). Review of Queerly Phrased: Language, Gender, and Sexuality. Language in Society 28:304–8.Google Scholar
Ochs, Elinor (1992). Indexing gender. In Alessandro Duranti & Charles Goodwin (eds.), Rethinking context: Language as an interactive phenomenon, 335–58. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ochs, Elinor, & Taylor, Carolyn (1995). The “Father Knows Best” dynamic in dinnertime narratives. In Hall & Bucholtz 1995, 97–120.
Ogawa, Naoko, & Smith, Janet S. (Shibamoto) (1997). The gendering of the gay male sex class in Japan: A case study based on Rasen no Sobyo. In Livia & Hall 1997a, 402–15.
Patthey-Chavez, G. Genevieve; Claire, Lindsay; & Youmans, Madeleine (1996). Watery passion: The struggle between hegemony and sexual liberation in erotic fiction for women. Discourse and Society 7:77–106.Google Scholar
Penfield, Joyce (ed.) (1987). Women and language in transition. Albany: SUNY Press.
Penn, Donna (1995). Queer theorizing: Politics and history. Radical History Review 62:24–42.Google Scholar
Podesva, Robert J.; Roberts, Sarah J.; & Campbell-Kibler, Kathryn (2002). Sharing resources and indexing meanings in the production of gay styles. In Kathryn Campbell-Kibler et al. (eds.), Language and sexuality, 175–90. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Pratt, Mary Louise (1987). Linguistic utopias. In Nigel Fabb et al. (eds.), The linguistics of writing: Arguments between language and literature, 48–66. New York: Methuen.
Pujolar, Joan (2000). Gender, heteroglossia, and power: A sociolinguistic study of youth culture. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Queen, Robin M. (1997). “I don't speak Spritch”: Locating lesbian language. In Livia & Hall 1997a, 233–56.
Queen, Robin M. (1998). “Stay queer!” “Never fear!”: Building queer social networks. World Englishes 17:203–14.Google Scholar
Queen, Robin M. (2002). A matter of interpretation: The “future” of “queer linguistics.” In Kathryn Campbell-Kibler et al. (eds.), Language and sexuality, 69–86. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Rubin, Gayle S. ([1984] 1993). Thinking sex: Notes for a radical theory of the politics of sexuality. In Henry Abelove et al. (eds.), The lesbian and gay studies reader, 3–44. New York: Routledge.
Ryan, Lisa (2002). What's in a sexual assault judgement?: A frame analysis. In Sarah Benor et al. (eds.), Gendered practices in language, 115–29. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Sacks, Harvey (1978). Some technical considerations of a dirty joke. In Jim Schenkein (ed.), Studies in the organization of conversational interaction, 249–69. New York: Academic Press.
Silverstein, Michael (1976). Shifters, linguistic categories, and cultural description. In Keith H. Basso & Henry A. Selby (eds.), Meaning in anthropology, 11–55. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
Silverstein, Michael (2003). Indexical order and the dialectics of sociolinguistic life. Language and Communication 23:193–229.Google Scholar
Soper, Kate (1993). Productive contradictions. In Caroline Ramazanoglu (ed.), Up against Foucault: Explorations of some tensions between Foucault and feminism, 29–50. New York: Routledge.
Spivak, Gayatri (1995). Subaltern studies: Deconstructing historiography. In Donna Landry & Gerald MacLean (eds.), The Spivak reader. New York: Routledge.
Stokoe, Elizabeth H., & Weatherall, Ann (eds.) (2002). Gender, language, conversation analysis, and feminism. Special issue of Discourse and Society 13(6).Google Scholar
Stulberg, Lisa (1996). Let's talk about sex: The negotiation of discourse and the critical potential of classroom talk in a sex education classroom. In Natasha Warner et al. (eds.), Gender and belief systems: Proceedings of the Fourth Berkeley Women and Language Conference, 713–28. Berkeley: Berkeley Women and Language Group.
Talbot, Mary (1997). “An explosion deep inside her”: Women's desire and popular romance fiction. In Harvey & Shalom 1997, 106–22.
Tannen, Deborah, & Saville-Troike, Muriel (eds.) (1985). Perspectives on silence. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
Watson-Gegeo, Karen Ann, & Boggs, Stephen T. (1977). From verbal play to talk story: The role of routines in speech events among Hawaiian children. In Susan Ervin-Tripp & Claudia Mitchell-Kernan (eds.), Child discourse, 67–90. New York: Academic Press.
Weston, Kath (1998). Long slow burn: Sexuality and social science. New York: Routledge.
Winnicott, D. W. ([1953] 1971). Transitional objects and transitional phenomena. In Playing and reality, 1–25. London: Tavistock.
Wong, Andrew (2002). The semantic derogation of tongzhi: A synchronic perspective. In Kathryn Campbell-Kibler et al. (eds.), Language and sexuality, 161–74. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Wong, Andrew; Roberts, Sarah J.; & Campbell-Kibler, Kathryn (2002). Speaking of sex. In Kathryn Campbell-Kibler et al. (eds.), Language and sexuality, 1–22. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Wood, Kathleen (1999). Coherent identities amid heterosexist ideologies: Deaf and hearing lesbian coming-out stories. In Bucholtz et al. 1999, 46–63.
Woolard, Kathryn A. (1998). Introduction: Language ideology as a field of inquiry. In Bambi B. Schieffelin et al. (eds.), Language ideologies: Practice and theory, 3–47. New York: Oxford University Press.
Yerian, Keli (2002). Strategic constructivism: The discursive body as a site for identity display in women's self-defense courses. In Sarah Benor et al. (eds.), Gendered practices in language, 389–405. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Zita, Jacquelyn N. (1994). Gay and lesbian studies: Yet another unhappy marriage? In Linda Garber (ed.), Tilting the tower: Lesbians/teaching/queer subjects, 258–76. New York: Routledge.