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Spatial Orders in Maya Civic Plans

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Wendy Ashmore  and
Jeremy A. Sabloff
Wendy Ashmore
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0418
Jeremy A. Sabloff
Affiliation:
University of Pennsylvania Museum, 33rd & Spruce Streets, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6324
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Abstract

Ancient civic centers materialize ideas of proper spatial organization, among the Maya as in other societies. We argue that the position and arrangement of ancient Maya buildings and arenas emphatically express statements about cosmology and political order. At the same time, the clarity of original spatial expression is often blurred in the sites we observe archaeologically. Factors responsible for such blurring include multiple other influences on planning and spatial order, prominently the political life history of a civic center. Specifically, we argue here that centers with relatively short and simple political histories are relatively easy to interpret spatially. Those with longer development, but relatively little upheaval, manifest more elaborate but relatively robust and internally consistent plans. Sites with longer and more turbulent political histories, however, materialize a more complex cumulative mix of strategies and plausibly, therefore, of varying planning principles invoked by sequent ancient builders. We examine evidence for these assertions by reference to civic layouts at Copán, Xunantunich, Sayil, Seibal, and Tikal.

En los antiguos centros cívicos se materializan ideas acerca de la organización espacial adecuada, tanto entre los mayas como entre otras sociedades. En este estudio se propone que la ubicación y la disposición de antiguos edificios y espacios abiertos mayas expresan enfáticamente ideas respecto a la cosmología y el orden político. Al mismo tiempo, la claridad de la expresión espacial original a menudo es difusa en los sitios arqueológicos, debido a muchas otras influencias en la planeación y el orden espaciales, sobre todo la historia de la vida política de cada centro cívico. Específicamente proponemos que los centros que tienen historias políticas cortas y simples son relativamente fáciles de interpretar espacialmente, mientras que aquellos con desarrollos más prolongados, aunque con agitación política limitada, presentan una planeación interna más elaborada y relativamente fuerte. Sin embargo, en los asentamientos con historias políticas largas y más turbulentas, se materializa una mezcla más compleja de estrategias y, presumiblemente, en consecuencia quienes los construyeron se basaron en una amplia variedad de principios de planeación. En este estudio exploramos las evidencias para fundamentar estas propuestas refiriendo a la disposición cívica de Copán, Xunantunich, Sayil, Seibal y Tikal.

Type
Reports
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , June 2002 , pp. 201 - 215
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 2002

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