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The European Convention on Human Rights and the Human Rights Act 1998
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 31 July 2008
Extract
The European Conversion for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) is an international treaty of the Council of Europe. It was adopted in 1950, ratified by the UK in 1951 and entered into force in 1953. The unsual feature of the Convention, as an international human rights instrument, is that it provides a mechanism for individuals to enforce their Convention rights against state parties.
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References
1. Cmnd. 8969.
2. Article 56.
3. Article 57.
4. Article 58.
5. Article 59.
6. Article 30.
7. A proposition rejected by the United Nations Human Rights Committee: CCPR/C/79/Add.55 (27th July 1995).
8. Article 57.
9. Article 15.
10. A/145-B (1988) II EHRR 117.
11. The terms of Article 5(3) are set out below.
12. A/258-B (1993) 17 EHRR 539.
13. Cmnd. 7964.
14. Belgian Linguistic Case (No.1) A/5 (1967) I EHRR 241.
15. Handyside v UK A/24 (1976) I EHRR 737.
16. Artico v Italy A/37 (1980) 3 EHRR I.
17. Tyrer v UK A/26 (1978) 2 EHRR I.
18. A/214 (1991) 15 EHRR 92.
19. Article 31(1), Vienna Convention.
20. See Welch v UK (1995) 20 EHRR 247.
21. However, as the European Court of Human Rights pointed out in Sunday Times v UK A/30 (1979) 2 EHRR 245, it is not faced with a choice between two conflicting principles (an individual's right and the general public interest), but with a principle that is subject to a number of exceptions (para.65).
22. Sunday Times v UK A/30 (1979) 2 EHRR 245.
23. See Klass v FRG A/28 (1978) 2 EHRR 214.
24. Belgian Linguistic Case (No. 1) A/5 (1967) I EHRR 241.
25. See Abdulaziz, Cabales & Balkindali v UK A/94 (1985) 7 EHRR 471.
26. Section 3(1).
27. Lord Chancellor. 18 November. House of Lords Committee Stage. Hansard, col. 535.
28. Lord Chancellor. 18 November. House of Lords Committee Stage. Hansard, col. 535.
29. Rights Brought Home:The Human Rights Bill (Cmnd. 3782).
30. Para. 2.7.
31. White Paper, para. 2.8.
32. Section 4(6)(a).
33. Section. 4(6)(b).
34. White Paper, para. 2.9.
35. House of Lord Debate. Hansard. 3 November 1997. Col. 1230.
36. Section 4(4)(b).
37. Section 6(3).
38. White Paper, para. 2.2.
39. House of Lords Debate. Hansard. 3 November 1997. Col. 1231.
40. See the Explanatory and Financial Memorandum.
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