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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 February 2018
1 United Nations General Assembly Official Records, UN Doc. A/C.1/PV.1515, UN Doc. A/C.1/PV.1516 (1 November 1967).
2 A.L. Jaeckel, The International Seabed Authority and the Precautionary Principle Balancing Deep Seabed Mineral Mining and Marine Environmental Protection (2017), 18.
3 Ibid., at 19.
4 Ibid., at 144.
5 Ibid., at 13.
6 Ibid., at 136.
7 Wiener, J.B., ‘Precaution’, in Bodansky, D. et al. (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of International Environmental Law (2007), 597, at 604–7Google Scholar.
8 See Jaeckel, supra note 2, at 271.
9 Ibid., at 16, 17.
10 Ibid., at 34.
11 A. Trouwborst, Precautionary Rights and Duties of States (2006), 21–35.
12 See Jaeckel, supra note 2, at 58, 59.
13 Ibid., at 258.
14 Ibid., at 125–7.
15 Ibid., at 155, 156.
16 Ibid., at 231.
17 Ibid., at 67.
18 Ibid., at 167.
19 Ibid., at 249–51.
20 Ibid., at 261.
21 Ibid., at 268, 269.
22 However, New Zealand has had a Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment since 1986, who effectively acts as an independent environmental ombudsperson. See K. Bosselmann, Earth Governance. Trusteeship for the Global Commons (2015), 124. See also ‘Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment’, available at www.pce.parliament.nz/about-us/the-commissioner (accessed 5 February 2018).
23 See Jaeckel, supra note 2, at 294–7.
24 LOSC, Art. 165(1).
25 Sea-Bed Committee, Report of Sub-Committee I, Annex III: Texts Illustrating Areas of Agreement and Disagreement on Items 1 and 2 of the Sub-Committee's Programme of Work, UN Doc. A/AC.138/94/Add.1 (1973), at 137, 138, reproduced in: GAOR 28th Sess. Suppl. 21 (A/9021-II).
26 See Jaeckel, supra note 2, at 300.
27 Ibid., at 107, 300.
28 R. Wolfrum, Die Internationalisierung staatsfreier Räume: Die Entwicklung einer internationalen Verwaltung für Antarktis, Weltraum, Hohe See und Meeresboden (1984), 580.
29 See Jaeckel, supra note 2, at 308.