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Calicioid diversity in humid inland British Columbia may increase into the 5th century after stand initiation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 September 2018

Trevor GOWARD  and
André ARSENAULT
Trevor GOWARD
Affiliation:
Herbarium, Beaty Museum, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada. Mailing address: Enlichened Consulting Ltd., 5369 Clearwater Valley Road, Upper Clearwater, BC, V0E 1N1, Canada
André ARSENAULT
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre, P.O. Box 960, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 6J3, Canada. Email: andre.arsenault2@canada.ca
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Abstract

Maintenance of biodiversity in managed forested landscapes requires detailed knowledge of the ecological requirements of specialist organisms linked to key microhabitats. Here we examine the relationship of 37 lichenized and unlichenized epiphytic calicioid species to stand age and substratum type in seven pairs of mid-seral (70–165 y) and old (220–470 y) forest stands in humid east-central British Columbia. Based on our inventory of eight host tree species, total calicioid diversity and mean species richness are highest in old stands, with 12 species not detected and nine additional species much less frequent in mid-seral stands. Thuja plicata supports by far the highest level of total calicioid diversity, with 31 of 37 species; mostly associated with very old trees. Owing primarily to the late recruitment of lignicolous calicioids, stand-level calicioid richness continues to increase into the 5th century after stand initiation. Our study thus has two major findings pertinent to the maintenance of forest biodiversity in managed forests: first, stand-level calicioid richness increases slightly for at least three centuries past the acquisition of old-growth status; second, remnant trees and snags carried forward into mid-seral, regenerating stands enhance overall calicioid species richness. These results suggest that very old old-growth (= ‘antique’) forests might play an important role in the long-term maintenance of calicioid species richness, further suggesting that the standard practice of lumping all forests above a set age into a single old-growth category is not ecologically tenable for all taxonomic groups.

Keywords

BiodiversitylichensMycocaliciaceaeold-growth dependencyPhysciaceaeThuja
Type
Articles
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 50 , Issue 5 , September 2018 , pp. 555 - 569
Copyright
© British Lichen Society, 2018 

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