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New crustose Teloschistaceae in Central Europe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 October 2013

Jan VONDRÁK ,
Ivan FROLOV ,
Pavel ŘÍHA ,
Pavel HROUZEK ,
Zdeněk PALICE ,
Olga NADYEINA ,
Gökhan HALICI ,
Alexander KHODOSOVTSEV  and
Claude ROUX
Jan VONDRÁK
Affiliation:
Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, Průhonice, CZ-25243, Czech Republic; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, CZ-370 05, Czech Republic. Email: j.vondrak@seznam.cz
Ivan FROLOV
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, CZ-370 05, Czech Republic; Faculty of Biology, Ural Federal University, ul. Mira 19, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russia
Pavel ŘÍHA
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, CZ-370 05, Czech Republic
Pavel HROUZEK
Affiliation:
Department of Autotrophic Microorganisms, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, CZ-379 81, Czech Republic
Zdeněk PALICE
Affiliation:
Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, Průhonice, CZ-25243, Czech Republic; Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Charles University, Benátská 2, Praha, CZ-128 01, Czech Republic
Olga NADYEINA
Affiliation:
Department of Lichenology and Bryology, M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereschenkivska str. 2, 01601 Kiev, Ukraine; Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, WSL Zürcherstr. 111, CH-8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
Gökhan HALICI
Affiliation:
Erciyes University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
Alexander KHODOSOVTSEV
Affiliation:
Kherson State University, 40 Rokiv Zhovtnya str. 27, 73000 Kherson, Ukraine
Claude ROUX
Affiliation:
Chemin des Vignes-Vieilles, FR-84120, Mirabeau, France
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Abstract

Central Europe in general is poor in Teloschistaceae lichen crusts (Caloplaca s. lat.). Diversity of these lichens is increased by the occurrence of some Arctic, Mediterranean and continental species, which are here close to the limits of their range. Examples include:

  1. 1) Caloplaca interfulgens, previously known from arid territories of northern Africa and western Asia, is recorded, surprisingly, from Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Slovakia and southern Russia. In Central Europe, it is restricted to scattered xerothermic limestone outcrops.

  2. 2) Caloplaca scabrosa, previously known only from Svalbard, is recorded from the Sudetes in the Czech Republic. It is similar to, but not conspecific with, C. furfuracea. Its diagnostic characters include a blastidiate thallus and the presence of atranorin. Our results show that atranorin is absent in the majority of taxa related to C. furfuracea with only two exceptions: the sample from Eastern Carpathians, here called C. aff. scabrosa, and in one Sudetan sample identified as C. crenularia.

  3. 3) Caloplaca emilii, newly described below, is closely related to the Mediterranean C. areolata. We consider C. emilii a Mediterranean species rarely occurring in higher latitudes in Austria, the Czech Republic and Germany. It is distinguished from C. areolata mainly by the presence of vegetative diaspores (blastidia); a possible role of blastidia in the distribution pattern of C. emilii is discussed below. Status of the names Caloplaca areolata, C. isidiigera and C. spalatensisis, formerly used for the new taxon, is clarified.

  4. 4) Caloplaca molariformis, newly described below, belongs to the Pyrenodesmia group (a lineage of Caloplaca without anthraquinones). It is a continental species, frequently collected on limestone or lime-rich tuffs in steppes or deserts in Turkey, Iran, western Kazakhstan and southern Russia, and is also known from eastern Ukraine and southern Slovakia. Caloplaca molariformis is characterized by its thick thallus with fungal and algal tissues arranged in high stacks.

  5. 5) Caloplaca substerilis, newly described below, is distinguished from the closely related C. ulcerosa by its endophloeodal or minutely squamulose thallus with soralia formed in bark crevices or on margins of squamules. While C. ulcerosa has a maritime distribution in Europe, C. substerilis is typically a continental species. North American continental lichens called “C. ulcerosa” are phylogenetically closer and more similar to C. substerilis.

The positions within Teloschistaceae of the taxa considered are demonstrated by ITS phylogenies. The distributions of C. areolata, C. emilii and C. interfulgens are mapped. The new species are fully described using more than a hundred phenotype characters, and diagnostic characters are indicated separately.

Keywords

biodiversitybiogeographyITS phylogenylichen phenotype evaluationspecies recognitionvegetative reproduction
Type
Articles
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 45 , Issue 6 , November 2013 , pp. 701 - 722
Copyright
Copyright © British Lichen Society 2013 

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