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Richness of epiphytic lichens in differently aged Picea abies plantations situated in the oceanic region of Central Norway

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2009

Olga HILMO ,
Håkon HOLIEN ,
Håkan HYTTEBORN  and
Hilde ELY-AALSTRUP
Olga HILMO
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. Email: olga.hilmo@bio.ntnu.no
Håkon HOLIEN
Affiliation:
Nord-Trøndelag University College, Faculty of Agriculture and Information Technology, Servicebox 2501, 7729 Steinkjer, Norway.
Håkan HYTTEBORN
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. Email: olga.hilmo@bio.ntnu.no
Hilde ELY-AALSTRUP
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. Email: olga.hilmo@bio.ntnu.no
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Abstract

This study aims to investigate patterns of species richness and abundance in relation to stand age in 71 Picea abies plantations, aged between 9 and 85 years, situated in the oceanic region of Central Norway. The study has shown that plantations within the oceanic spruce forests can support a relatively high number of epiphytic lichen species. Some of the oldest plantations hosted several old-forest associated species, e.g. Hypogymnia vittata, Lobaria pulmonaria, Pseudocyphellaria crocata and Ramalina thrausta. The number of species was influenced significantly by stand age and increased rapidly in stands <20 years old. Stands >30 years old showed no clear increase in species number, except for a high number of species in the two oldest stands. The colonization pattern could be characterized as an additional entrance of species, rather than by a replacement sequence. The probability of occurrence increased steeply at young stand ages (<20 years) for Bryoria spp., Cavernularia hultenii, Platismatia glauca, Parmelia sulcata and Usnea spp. A lower rate of colonization was characteristic for Alectoria sarmentosa, Parmelia saxatilis and Platismatia norvegica. The cover of foliose lichens on the branches showed an almost unimodal response to stand age. The cover of lichens was highest on branches in middle-aged plantations. The reason for the lower lichen cover in late successional stages, compared to middle-aged stands, could be due to reduced light in the lower canopy of mature plantations. Increased rotation cycle, creation of gaps and short distance to sources of propagules are factors suggested to promote species richness and abundance in forest plantations.

Keywords

biodiversitycolonizationlichen coveroceanic forestspruce plantation
Type
Research Article
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 41 , Issue 1 , January 2009 , pp. 97 - 108
Copyright
Copyright © British Lichen Society 2009

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