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Institutional Linkages with the State and Organizational Practices in Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 August 2017

Jianhua Ge  and
Wei Zhao
Jianhua Ge*
Affiliation:
Renmin University of China, China
Wei Zhao
Affiliation:
University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA Shanghai University, China
*
Corresponding author: Jianhua Ge (shishuige@gmail.com)
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Abstract

To deepen our understanding of organizations’ heterogeneous responses to institutional demand, we develop a ‘relational complexity’ argument to highlight organizations’ diverse institutional linkages as another important source of practice variation. We argue that diverse relations between organizations and the institutional authority can filter distinct institutional pressures and expectations, shape organizational interpretations of environmental demands, and thus trigger heterogeneous organizational practices. We adopt this theoretical framework and distinguish two types of institutional linkages with the state to understand different adoption patterns in corporate social responsibility (CSR) in its early stage of diffusion in China. Based on a national survey dataset consisting of 1,268 firms, our analyses show that firms having a stronger bureaucratic linkage with the state tend to focus on more visible external-oriented CSR practices. In contrast, those firms forming a closer partnership with the state through political or semi-political associations are more likely to take more extensive adoptions by further developing internal CSR structures. This study enriches the institutional analyses by shifting our attention to the relational dynamics between organizations and institutional authority as a key source of practice variation. It also has important implications to the research and practices of CSR in emerging economies.

摘要:

摘要:

为了加深我们关于组织对制度需求异质反应的认识, 我们提出“关系复杂性”的论点, 以突出作为实践变化另一个来源的组织的多样制度联系。我们认为, 组织和制度主管部门之间多样的关系可以过滤不同的制度压力和期望, 塑造对环保需求的组织解读, 从而引发异质组织实践。我们采用这个理论框架并区分两种与国家制度联系的不同类型, 以了解在中国的企业社会责任 (CSR) 传播早期阶段所采用CSR的不同模式。基于1268家公司组成的全国调查数据集, 我们的分析显示, 与国家有更强的官僚联系的企业往往专注于更明显的外向型CSR实践。与此相反, 通过政治或半政治关系与国家形成紧密伙伴关系的企业, 更可能通过进一步发展CSR内部结构采取更广泛的行动。本研究通过把我们的注意力转向作为实践变化关键来源的组织和制度主管部门之间的关系动态性, 丰富了制度分析。它对新兴经济体的CSR研究和实践也有重要的启示。

संगठनों की सांस्थानिक मांगों पर विलक्षण प्रतिक्रिया की समझ को सुदृढ़ करने हेतु हमने सम्बन्धजनित जटिलता का मत विकसित किया है जो बहु-आयामी सांस्थानिक संबंधों के कार्यप्रणाली विभेद में एक और महत्त्वपूर्ण स्रोत है. हमारा यह मत है की संगठनों और संस्थागत सत्ता के बीच बहु-आयामी संबंधों से विशिष्ट संस्थागत बाध्यताएं व अपेक्षाएं परिष्कृत होती हैं और परिवेशीय मांगों की संगठनीय व्याख्या होती है जिससे विविधतापूर्ण संगठनीय प्रथाओं का उद्भव होता है. इस सैद्धांतिक प्रतिदर्श को अपनाते हुए हम राज्य से दो प्रकार के संस्थागत संबंधों को पृथक कर चीन में प्रारंभिक चरण में संगठनात्मक सामाजिक दायित्व की अनुकूलन संरचनाओं को समझते हैं. राष्ट्रस्तरीय सर्वेक्षण के 1268 फर्मों के आंकड़ा समुच्चय के विश्लेषण के आधार पर यह देखा जा सकता है कि राजकीय नौकरशाहों से दृढ संगति वाली फर्मों में बाह्य केंद्रित संगठनात्मक सामाजिक दायित्व प्रथाएं अधिक होती हैं. इसके विपरीत राज्य से राजनैतिक व अर्ध-राजनैतिक संगति के आधार पर भागीदारी बनाने वाली फर्मों में आंतरिक संगठनात्मक सामाजिक दायित्व संरचना का विस्तीर्ण अधिग्रहण होता है. यह शोध हमारा ध्यान संगठन व संस्थागत अन्तर्सम्बन्धों कि गतिशीलता के परिपाटी विविधता में योगदान कि ओर आकृष्ट कर संस्थापरक शोध साहित्य को समृद्ध करता है. इसका आशय उदीयमान अर्थव्यवस्थाओं में संगठनात्मक सामाजिक दायित्व के शोध व परिचालन पर भी है.

Sumário:

Sumário:

Para aprofundar a nossa compreensão sobre as respostas heterogêneas das organizações a demandas institucionais, desenvolvemos um argumento de “complexidade relacional” para destacar os diversos vínculos institucionais das organizações como outra importante fonte de variação da prática. Argumentamos que diversificadas relações entre as organizações e a autoridade institucional podem filtrar pressões e expectativas institucionais distintas, moldar as interpretações organizacionais das demandas ambientais e, assim, desencadear práticas organizacionais heterogêneas. Adotamos esse quadro teórico e distinguimos dois tipos distintos de vínculos institucionais com o estado para compreender diferentes padrões de adoção na responsabilidade social corporativa (CSR) na fase inicial da difusão da CSR na China. Com base em um conjunto de dados de uma pesquisa nacional composto por 1.268 empresas, nossas análises mostram que as empresas que possuem um vínculo burocrático mais forte com o Estado tendem a se concentrar em práticas de CSR mais visíveis e orientadas para o público externo. Em contrapartida, as empresas que formam uma parceria mais estreita com o Estado por meio de conexões políticas ou semipolíticas são mais propensas a adotar mais extensões por meio do desenvolvimento de estruturas internas de CSR. Este estudo enriquece as análises institucionais, deslocando nossa atenção para a dinâmica relacional entre organizações e autoridade institucional como fonte chave de variação de prática. Ele também tem implicações importantes para a pesquisa e prática da CSR nas economias emergentes.

Аннотация:

АННОТАЦИЯ:

С целью лучше понять разнообразные действия организаций в ответ на институциональные запросы, мы разрабатываем концепцию «реляционной сложности», чтобы подчеркнуть значение различных институциональных связей в организациях в качестве еще одного важного источника вариативности в действиях. Мы утверждаем, что разнообразные отношения между организациями и исполнительной властью могут оказывать особое институциональное давление и создавать ожидания, а также формировать организационные интерпретации относительно требований окружающей среды, и тем самым вызывать разнообразные организационные действия. Мы принимаем эту теоретическую основу и различаем два разных типа институциональных связей с государством, чтобы понять различные способы применения в сфере корпоративной социальной ответственности (КСО) на ранней стадии распространения КСО в Китае. На основании данных национального опроса, который включает в себя 1268 компаний, можно сделать вывод о том, что компании, имеющие более сильную бюрократическую связь с государством, склонны применять более заметные внешне-ориентированные практики КСО. Напротив, те компании, которые формируют более тесное партнерство с государством при помощи политических или полу-политических связей, с большей вероятностью будут предпринимать более основательные действия путем дальнейшего развития внутренних структур КСО. Это исследование обогащает институциональный анализ, переключая наше внимание на реляционную динамику между организациями и исполнительной властью как ключевой источник вариативности в действиях. Данная работа также имеет важное значение для теоретических исследований и практики КСО в странах с развивающейся экономикой.

Resumen:

RESUMEN:

Para profundizar nuestro entendimiento de las respuestas heterogéneas de las organizaciones a la demanda institucional, desarrollamos un argumento de “complejidad relacional” para destacar las diversas conexiones como otra fuente importante de variación práctica. Argumentamos que las diversas relaciones entre las organizaciones y la autoridad institucional puede filtrar presiones y expectativas distintas, moldear las interpretaciones organizacionales para las demandas ambientales, y de esta manera, desencadenar prácticas organizacionales heterogéneas. Adoptamos este marco teórico y distinguimos dos distintos tipos de conexiones institucionales con el estado para entender los diferentes patrones en la adopción de responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) en la etapa temprana de difusión de RSE en China. Con base en una base de datos de encuestas nacionales a 1268 empresas, nuestro análisis muestra que las empresas que tienen conexiones burocráticas más fuertes con el estado tienden a enfocarse más en prácticas de RSE hacia el exterior más visibles. En contraste, aquellas empresas que formar una asociación más estrecha con el gobierno mediante asociaciones políticas y semi-políticas son más propensas a adoptar de manera extensiva desarrollando estructuras internas de RSE. Este estudio enriquece los análisis institucionales al desplazar nuestra atención a las dinámicas relacionales entre las organizaciones y la autoridad institucional como una fuente clave de variación de prácticas. También tiene implicaciones importantes para la investigación y las prácticas de RSE en economías emergentes.

Keywords

Chinacorporate social responsibility (CSR)institutional linkagepractice variationrelational complexity中国企业社会责任 (CSR)制度联系实践变化关系复杂性चीनकॉर्पोरेट सामाजिक दायित्वसंस्थागत सम्बन्धपरिपाटीय विविधतासम्बन्धजनित जटिलताChinaresponsabilidade social corporativa (CSR)vínculo institucionalvariação da práticacomplexidade relacionalКитайкорпоративная социальная ответственность (КСО)институциональная связьвариативность действийреляционная сложностьChinaResponsabilidad social empresarial (RSE)conexión institucionalvariación prácticacomplejidad relacional
Type
Articles
Information
Management and Organization Review , Volume 13 , Issue 3 , September 2017 , pp. 539 - 573
Copyright
Copyright © The International Association for Chinese Management Research 2017 

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