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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 03 November 2016
The problem of deciding whether a given number is irrational or not is frequently one of some difficulty, as in the proof that π is irrational. Several numbers which are very probably irrational have never been proved so, e.g. y, eπ. However, we have one quite simple test for deciding whether a number is irrational or not when we have the number expressed as a continued fraction, viz. if the continued fraction terminates, the number is rational; if not, irrational. In what follows we assume our irrational number given as a continued fraction :
or shortly
Page 363 note * Heawood; I.e. infra, ser. 2, vol. 20, p. 233.