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Global supply chain analysis of nickel: importance andpossibility of controlling the resource logistics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 October 2014

K. Nakajima
Affiliation:
National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, lbaraki 305-8506, Japan. e-mail: nakajima.kenichi@nies.go.jp
Y. Otsuka
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-1005, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
Y. Iwatsuki
Affiliation:
The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
K. Nansai
Affiliation:
National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, lbaraki 305-8506, Japan. e-mail: nakajima.kenichi@nies.go.jp
H. Yamano
Affiliation:
National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, lbaraki 305-8506, Japan. e-mail: nakajima.kenichi@nies.go.jp
K. Matsubae
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-1005, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
S. Murakami
Affiliation:
The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
T. Nagasaka
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-1005, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
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Abstract

Recently, the issue of sustainable resource management has been increasingly recognized.Economic growth of human activity is associated with a rapid rise in the use of resourcesin our economy, and society has a potential environmental impact. The UNEP InternationalResource Panel (IRP) pointed out the importance of decoupling resource use and negativeenvironmental impacts from economic activity (UNEP IRP 2011). In order tooptimize the material cycles and increase resource efficiency, material flow analysis(MFA) is a powerful tool to understand the resource consumption and material cycle in thenational economy. In this study, we present the results of global material flow analysisof nickel, which is one of the important resources for reducing energy use andCO2 emission inour society, and discuss the importance and possibility of controlling its resourcelogistics. This study also introduces the challenge of identifying the land-use changes innickel mining sites by a remote-sensing technique, and knowledge to increase the resourceefficiency in metal recycling based on the metallurgical thermodynamic approach. Theresults indicated the importance of recovery of nickel in recycling policies forend-of-life (EoL) vehicles and constructions. Improvement in EoL sorting technologies andimplementation of designs for recycling/disassembly at the manufacturing phase are needed.Possible solutions include development of sorting processes for steel scrap andintroduction of easier methods for identifying the composition of secondary resources.Recovery of steel scrap with a high alloy content will reduce primary inputs of alloyingelements and contribute to more efficient resource use.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© EDP Sciences 2014

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