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Camaronesite, [Fe3+(H2O)2(PO3OH)]2(SO4)·1–2H2O, a new phosphate-sulfate from the Camarones Valley, Chile, structurally related to taranakite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

A. R. Kampf ,
S. J. Mills ,
B. P. Nash ,
R. M. Housley ,
G. R. Rossman  and
M. Dini
A. R. Kampf*
Affiliation:
Mineral Sciences Department, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
S. J. Mills
Affiliation:
Geosciences, Museum Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne 3001, Australia
B. P. Nash
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
R. M. Housley
Affiliation:
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
G. R. Rossman
Affiliation:
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
M. Dini
Affiliation:
Pasaje San Agustin 4045, La Serena, Chile
*
* E-mail: akampf@nhm.org
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Abstract

Camaronesite (IMA 2012-094), [Fe3+(H2O)2(PO3OH)]2(SO4)·1–2H2O, is a new mineral from near the village of Cuya in the Camarones Valley, Arica Province, Chile. The mineral is a low-temperature, secondary mineral occurring in a sulfate assemblage with anhydrite, botryogen, chalcanthite, copiapite, halotrichite, hexahydrite, hydroniumjarosite, pyrite, römerite, rozenite and szomolnokite. Lavender-coloured crystals up to several mm across form dense intergrowths. More rarely crystals occur as drusy aggregates of tablets up to 0.5 mm in diameter and 0.02 mm thick. Tablets are flattened on {001} and exhibit the forms {001}, {104}, {015} and {018}. The mineral is transparent with white streak and vitreous lustre. The Mohs hardness is 2½, the tenacity is brittle and the fracture is irregular, conchoidal and stepped. Camaronesite has one perfect cleavage on {001}. The measured and calculated densities are 2.43(1) and 2.383 g/cm3, respectively. The mineral is optically uniaxial (+) with ω = 1.612(1) and ε = 1.621(1) (white light). The pleochroism is O (pale lavender) > E (colourless). Electron-microprobe analyses provided Fe2O331.84, P2O529.22, SO315.74, H2O 23.94 (based on O analyses), total 100.74 wt.%. The empirical formula (based on 2 P a.p.f.u.) is: Fe1.94(PO3OH)2(S0.96O4)(H2O)4·1.46H2O. The mineral is slowly soluble in concentrated HCl and extremely slowly soluble in concentrated H2SO4. Camaronesite is trigonal, R32, with cell parameters:a = 9.0833(5), c = 42.944(3) Å, V = 3068.5(3) Å3 and Z = 9. The eight strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are [dobs Å (I)(hkl)]: 7.74(45)(101), 7.415(100)(012), 4.545(72)(110), 4.426(26)(018), 3.862(32)(021,202,116), 3.298(93)(027,119), 3.179(25)(208) and 2.818(25)(1·1·12,125). In the structure of camaronesite (R1 = 2.28% for 1138 Fo > 4σF), three types of Fe octahedra are linked by corner sharing with (PO3OH) tetrahedra to form polyhedral layers perpendicular to c with composition [Fe3+(H2O)2(PO3OH)]. Two such layers are joined through SO4 tetrahedra (in two half-occupied orientations) to form thick slabs of composition [Fe3+(H2O)2(PO3OH)]2(SO4). Between the slabs are partially occupied H2O groups. The only linkages between the slabs are hydrogen bonds. The most distinctive component in the structure consists of two Fe octahedra linked to one another by three PO4 tetrahedra yielding an [Fe2(PO4)3] unit. This unit is also the key component in the sodium super-ionic conductor (NASICON) structure and has been referred to as the lantern unit. The polyhedral layers in the structure of camaronesite are similar to those in the structure of taranakite. The Raman spectrum exhibits peaks consistent with sulfate, phosphate, water and OH groups.

Keywords

camaronesitenew mineralsulfatephosphateRaman spectroscopycrystal structuretaranakiteNASCIONCamarones ValleyChile
Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 77 , Issue 4 , June 2013 , pp. 453 - 465
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2013

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