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Cerchiaraite-(Fe) and cerchiaraite-(Al), two new barium cyclosilicate chlorides from Italy and California, USA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

A. R. Kampf ,
A. C. Roberts ,
K. E. Venance ,
C. Carbone ,
D. Belmonte ,
G. E. Dunning  and
R. E. Walstrom
A. R. Kampf*
Affiliation:
Mineral Sciences Department, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA
A. C. Roberts
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E8, Canada
K. E. Venance
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E8, Canada
C. Carbone
Affiliation:
DISTAV, Universita` degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26 - 16132 Genova, Italy
D. Belmonte
Affiliation:
DISTAV, Universita` degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26 - 16132 Genova, Italy
G. E. Dunning
Affiliation:
773 Durshire Way, Sunnyvale, California 94087, USA
R. E. Walstrom
Affiliation:
P.O. Box 1978, Silver City, New Mexico 88062, USA
*
* E-mail: akampf@nhm.org
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Abstract

The ideal formula for members of the cerchiaraite group is Ba4M4(Si4O12)O2(OH)4Cl2[Si2O3(OH)4], where M represents Mn3+, Fe3+ or Al in the octahedral site. A suffix-based naming scheme is used in which the original cerchiaraite is renamed cerchiaraite-(Mn) and two new minerals are named cerchiaraite-(Fe) and cerchiaraite-(Al). The type localities for cerchiaraite-(Fe) are the Cerchiara mine, Liguria, Italy and the Esquire No. 7 and No. 8 claims, Big Creek, Fresno County, California, USA. The type localities for cerchiaraite-(Al) are the Esquire No. 1 claim, Rush Creek, Fresno County, California, USA and the Esquire No. 7 and No. 8 claims noted above. At the Cerchiara mine, cerchiaraite-(Fe) occurs in small fractures and veinlets in a Jurassic ophiolitic sequence. It is of secondary hydrothermal origin and occurs as tan to brown thin prisms and matted fibres. Cerchiaraite(Fe) and cerchiaraite-(Al) from the Esquire No. 1, No. 7 and No. 8 claims occur in parallel-bedded quartz-sanbornite vein assemblages which formed as a result of fluid interaction along the margin of the vein. At the Esquire No. 1, No. 7 and No. 8 claims, both cerchiaraite-(Fe) and cerchiaraite-(Al) occur as subparallel aggregates of blue to bluish green irregular prisms. Both minerals are transparent with a vitreous lustre, Mohs hardness ~4½ , brittle tenacity, irregular fracture and no cleavage. The calculated density of cerchiaraite-(Fe) is 3.710 g cm-3; the measured density of cerchiaraite-(Al) is 3.69(3) g cm-3and the calculated density is 3.643 g cm-3. Cerchiaraite-(Fe) is uniaxial (+), with ω = 1.741(2) and ε = 1.768(2); it is weakly pleochroic and O is colourless and E is yellow. Cerchiaraite-(Al) is uniaxial (-), with ω = 1.695(2) and e = 1.677(2); it is strongly pleochroic and O is colourless and E is blue. Electron-microprobe analyses yielded empirical formulae ranging from (Ba3.82Na0.02Ca0.04)Σ3.88(Fe3+3.42Ti4+0.27Al3+0.25Mn3+0.04Mg0.02)Σ4.00Si5.62O15.47(OH)9.31Cl2.22 (Cerchiara mine) to Ba4.00(Al3+2.40Fe3+1.12Mg0.15Fe2+0.12Mn2+0.06)Σ3.85Si5.78O15.34(OH)8.75Cl2.91 (Esquire No. 1 claim). Cerchiaraite is tetragonal with Z = 2 and crystallizes in space group I4/mmm. The cell parameters for cerchiaraite-(Fe) are a = 14.3554(12), c = 6.0065(5) Å and V = 1237.80(5) Å3; those for cerchiaraite(Al) are a = 14.317(4), c = 6.0037(18) Å and V = 1230.6(6) Å3. In the cerchiaraite-(Fe) structure, SiO4 tetrahedra share corners forming a four-membered Si4O12 ring. The ring is corner-linked to an edgesharing chain of Fe3+ O6 octahedra running parallel to c. A Cl site alternates along c with the Si4 O12 ring. A large channel in the framework contains Ba atoms around its periphery and statistically distributed Si2 O7 silicate dimers and Cl atoms. The strong blue pleochroic colour is attributed to Fe2+ - Fe3+intervalence charge transfer along the octahedral chain.

Keywords

cerchiaraite-(Fe)cerchiaraite-(Al)cerchiaraite-(Mn)new mineralcrystal structurecyclosilicateelectron microprobe analysisintervalence charge transferBig Creek – Rush CreekFresno County,CaliforniaUSACerchiara mineLiguriaItaly
Type
Letter
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 77 , Issue 1 , February 2013 , pp. 69 - 80
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2013

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