Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-30T21:59:00.020Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Fabrication of metal oxide - biopolymer nanocomposite for water defluoridation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 March 2018

Erick Mobegi ,
Mildred Nawiri  and
Dickson Andala
Erick Mobegi
Affiliation:
Chemistry Department, Kenyatta University, Nairobi-Kenya
Mildred Nawiri
Affiliation:
Chemistry Department, Kenyatta University, Nairobi-Kenya
Dickson Andala*
Affiliation:
Chemistry Department, Multimedia University of Kenya, Nairobi-Kenya
*
*Corresponding author email: andalad@gmail.com or dandala@mmu.ac.ke
Get access

Abstract

Fluoride levels in drinking water exceeding 1.5 mg/L especially underground water can be detrimental to health. Various defluoridation technologies exist such as reverse osmosis, adsorption and ion exchange. However, adsorption has been preferred over the other due to its low cost and ease of operation. In this study, a novel adsorbent nanomaterial was prepared to remove fluoride from drinking water. The influence of different parameters such as pH, contact time, co-existing ions and dosage were investigated in order to understand the sorption behaviour of the adsorbent under varying conditions. The adsorption process best fitted with the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 62.5 mg/g. The adsorbent can be used under normal water pH=7. Anions and cations had no influence on the sorption capacity except for chlorides, carbonates and bicarbonates. The adsorbent reduced fluoride concentration from 10 ppm to approximately 1.5 ppm per 50 mg nanocomposite loading as recommended by World Health Organization. The synthesized nanocomposite can be used for defluoridation of water with high fluoride concentrations beyond recommended limit.

Keywords

adsorptionbiomaterialcompositepolymer
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Advances , Volume 3 , Issue 36: African Materials Research Society 2017 , 2018 , pp. 2109 - 2118
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Tomar, V., and Kumar, D. A critical study on efficiency of different materials for fluoride removal from aqueous media. Chemistry Central Journal, 7(1), 51(2013).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Adak, M.K., Mondal, B., Dhak, P., Sen, S., and Dhak, D. A comparative Study on Fluoride Removal Capacity from Drinking Water by Adsorption using Nano-sized Alumina and Zirconia Modified Alumina Prepared by Chemical Route. Advances in Water Science and Technology 04 (01), 01-10 (2017).Google Scholar
WHO. Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality: First Addendum to Volume 1: Recommendations (2006).Google Scholar
Bhatnagar, A., Kumar, E. and Sillanpaa, M. Fluoride removal from water by adsorption -A review. Chemical Engineering Journal. 171(3), pp 811–840 (2011)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qiusheng, Z., Xiaoyan, L., Jin, Q., Jing, W., & Xuegang, L. Porous zirconium alginate beads adsorbent for fluoride adsorption from aqueous solutions. RSC Adv., 5(3), 2100–2112 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sudheesh, K., Ajay, K., Omotayo, A., Bhekie, B. Chitosan-base nanomaterials: A state-of-the-art review, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 59: 46– 58 (2013).Google Scholar
Khichar, M and Kumbhat, S. Defluoridation-A review of water from aluminium and alumina based compound. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2(5): 04-11a (2015).Google Scholar
Waghmare, S. S. and Arfin, T. 2015. Fluoride Removal from Water by various techniques: Review. International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, 2 (9), pp 560 – 571.Google Scholar
Bootharaju, M. S., & Pradeep, T. Uptake of toxic metal ions from water by naked and Monolayer protected silver Nanoparticles: An x-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic investigation. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 114(18), 8328–8336 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dhermendra, K., Behari, J. and Prasenjit, S. Application of Nanoparticles in Waste Water Treatment. World Applied Sciences Journal 3: 417–433 (2008).Google Scholar
Ray, C., Yu, H. and Fu, P. Toxicity and environmental risks of nanomaterials: challenges and future needs. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C Environmental Carcinogenesis and Ecotoxicology Reviews 27 : 1 – 35 (2009)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, A. Nanotech- the way forward for clean water. Filtration and separation 43(8), 32– 33 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar