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TEM failure analysis of electrochemically delithiated LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 spinel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2020

Xiangyun Song ,
Yanbao Fu ,
Chengyu Song  and
Vincent Battaglia
Xiangyun Song*
Affiliation:
Energy Storage and Distributed Resources (ESDR) Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California
Yanbao Fu
Affiliation:
Energy Storage and Distributed Resources (ESDR) Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California
Chengyu Song
Affiliation:
National Center for Electron Microscopy of Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California
Vincent Battaglia
Affiliation:
Energy Storage and Distributed Resources (ESDR) Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California
*
(Email: x_song@lbl.gov)
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Abstract

LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode material, which has a higher working voltage (4.7 v) than NCM and a moderate specific capacity (148 mAh/g theoretical), has been studied to understand the source of capacity fade during the first 100 cycles in a half cell. The work mainly consisted of high resolution TEM observations and analysis of the surface microstructural properties, before and after cycling. We found that the pristine material consisted almost entirely of large FCC spinal domains but with cycling appears small simple cubic spinel domains at the surface. It is proposed that these small changes of the surface microstructure leads to impedance rise that results in the premature arrival to the upper cutoff voltage of 4.85V during charging and the subsequent loss of capacity with cycling.

Keywords

transmission electron microscopy (TEM)scanning electron microscopy (SEM)x-ray diffraction (XRD)crystallographic structure
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Advances , Volume 5 , Issue 27-28: Energy & Environment , 2020 , pp. 1405 - 1413
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Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2020

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