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Selective laser sintering of functionally graded tissue scaffolds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 December 2011

C.K. Chua ,
K.F. Leong ,
N. Sudarmadji ,
M.J.J. Liu  and
S.M. Chou
C.K. Chua
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University; mckchua@ntu.edu.sg
K.F. Leong
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University; mkfleong@ntu.edu.sg
N. Sudarmadji
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University; novella.sudarmadji@gmail.com
M.J.J. Liu
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University; lium0012@e.ntu.edu.sg
S.M. Chou
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University; msmchou@ntu.edu.sg
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Abstract

Since the emergence of tissue engineering (TE), numerous researchers, particularly in the areas of materials, biological science, and engineering, have aimed to provide viable substitutes for the repair and regeneration of musculoskeletal and organ tissues. Bone TE has been extensively explored to mimic the anatomical geometry of bone with varied pore size distribution and varying mechanical properties in a radial direction (a functional gradient). This TE approach was explored to promote faster functional recovery of defective bones due to congenital, traumatic, or degenerative reasons. The present study integrated an appropriate additive manufacturing or rapid prototyping technique with automated computer-aided design models. This process was applied to the manufacture of a functionally graded scaffold (FGS). The FGS system takes into consideration both microscale anatomical geometries and mechanical properties of the native bone via an established porosity-stiffness relationship. Experimental verification of the FGS model was carried out by the fabrication of a femur bone segment using a selective laser sintering system. The physical femur model demonstrated good replication of the FGS structure that was generated. Future work aims to implement the FGS system for other musculoskeletal and organ tissues and integrate the current work with the authors’ in-house developed “computer aided system for tissue scaffolds” or CASTS system.

Keywords

Additive manufacturingcomputer-aided designfunctionally graded scaffoldsmicrostructurerapid prototypingtissue engineeringbiomedicalbiomaterialbonesintering and laser
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 36 , Issue 12: Laser micro- and nanofabrication of biomaterials , December 2011 , pp. 1006 - 1014
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2011

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