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Transmission electron microscopy of specimens and processes in liquids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 October 2016

Frances M. Ross ,
Chongmin Wang  and
Niels de Jonge
Frances M. Ross
Affiliation:
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, USA; fmross@us.ibm.com
Chongmin Wang
Affiliation:
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA; chongmin.wang@pnnl.gov
Niels de Jonge
Affiliation:
INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Germany; niels.dejonge@leibniz-inm.de
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Abstract

Transmission electron microscopy is a powerful technique for the analysis of solid samples, but it can also be used to image in liquid environments, gaining a unique view of processes and structures in liquids. Here, we describe recent developments in electron microscopy of liquids and discuss applications in several areas. We first describe closed-liquid-cell microscopy with its opportunities for visualizing electrochemical processes. We then discuss imaging of low-vapor-pressure liquids relevant to the operation of rechargeable batteries. Finally, we describe imaging of thick biological materials to obtain information on membrane proteins in intact mammalian cells that cannot be observed classically under dry or frozen conditions. Electron microscopy in liquid environments is developing rapidly and has the potential to solve key problems in materials science, physics, chemistry, and biology.

Keywords

transmission electron microscopy (TEM)scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM)liquidelectrodepositionbiological
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 41 , Issue 10: Metallic materials for 3D printing , October 2016 , pp. 791 - 803
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2016 

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