Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-11T01:31:38.465Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Concrete and Fiber Reinforced Concrete Subjected to Impact Loading

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 February 2011

Surendra P. Shah
Surendra P. Shah*
Affiliation:
Prof., Dept. of Civil Engineering, Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL 60201
Get access

Abstract

Despite its extensive use, low tensile strength has been recognized as one of the major drawbacks of concrete. Although one has learned to avoid exposing concrete structures to adverse static tensile load, these cannot be shielded from short duration dynamic tensile stresses. Such loads originate from sources such as impact from missiles and projectiles, wind gusts, earthquakes and machine vibrations. The need to accurately predict the structural response and reserve capacity under such loading has led to an interest in the mechanical properties of the component materials at high rates of straining.

One method to improve the resistance of concrete when subjected to impact and/or impulsive loading is by the incorporation of randomly distributed short fibers. Concrete (or Mortar) so reinforced is termed fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). Moderate increase in tensile strength and significant increases in energy absorption (toughness or impact-resistance) have been reported by several investigators in static tests on concrete reinforced with randomly distributed short steel fibers. A theoretical model to predict fracture toughness of FRC is proposed. This model is based on the concept of nonlinear elastic fracture mechanics.

As yet no standard test methods are available to quantify the impact resistance of such composites, although several investigators have employed a variety of tests including drop weight, swinging pendulums and the detonation of explosives. These tests though useful in ascertaining the relative merits of different composites do not yield basic material characteristics which can be used for design.

The author has recently developed an instrumented Charpy type of impact test to obtain basic information such as load-deflection relationship, fracture toughness, crack velocity and load-strain history during an impact event. From this information, a damage based constitutive model was proposed. Relative improvements in performance due to the addition of fibers as observed in the instrumented tests are also compared with other conventional methods.

Type
Articles
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 64: Symposium S – Cement-Based Composites: Strain Rate Effects on Fracture , 1985 , 181
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Suaris, W. and Shah, S. P., J. Eng. Mech., ASCE, 110 (6), 985(1984).Google Scholar
2. Suaris, W. and Shah, S. P., J. Str. Eng., ASCE, 111 (3), 563(1985).Google Scholar
3. Naaman, A. E. and Gopalaratnam, V. S., Int. J. Cem. Comp. and Lightweight Agg. 5 (4), 225(1983).Google Scholar
4. Gopalaratnam, V. S. and Shah, S. P., ACI J., Proceedings, To be published, (MS: 5960).Google Scholar
5. Mindess, S., in Fracture Mechanics of Concrete, edited by Wittmann, F. H. (Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, 1983), pp. 481–501.Google Scholar
6. Hibbert, A. P. and Hannant, D. J., TRRL Supplementary Report 654, Transport and Road Research Lab., Berkshire (1981).Google Scholar
7. Suaris, W. and Shah, S. P., Fiber Reinf. Conc., ACI, SP–81 (1984).Google Scholar
8. Shah, S. P. and Rangan, B. V., ACI J., Proceedings, 68 (2), 126(1971).Google Scholar
9. Suaris, W. and Shah, S. P., J. Str. Eng. ASCE, 109 (7), 1727(1983).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Suaris, W. and Shah, S. P., Cem. Conc. and Agg., ASTM, 3 (2), 77 (1981).Google Scholar
11. Jenq, Y. S. and Shah, S. P., J. Eng. Mech. ASCE, 111 (10), 1227 (1985).Google Scholar
12. Jenq, Y. S. and Shah, S. P., J. Str. Eng., ASCE, 112 (1), 19–34 (1986).Google Scholar
13. Jenq, Y. S. and Shah, S. P., J. Eng. Frac. Mech., 21 (5), 1055(1985).Google Scholar
14. Jenq, Y. S. and Shah, S. P., in Application of Fracture Mechanics to Cementitious Composites, edited by Shah, S. P., (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1985), pp. 319–359.Google Scholar
15. Shah, S. P. and Winter, G., Causes, Mechanisms and Control of Cracking in Concrete, ACI, SP–20, 5 (1960).Google Scholar
16. Suaris, W. and Shah, S. P., Introductory Report for the Interassociation (RILEM, CEB, IABSE, IASS) Symposium on Concrete Structures under Impact and Impulsive Loading, West Berlin, 33(1982).Google Scholar
17. John, R. and Shah, S. P., Cem. Conc and Agg., ASTM, To be published, Summer (1986).Google Scholar
18. Loland, K. E., Cem. and Conc. Res. 10, 395(1980).Google Scholar
19. Mazars, J., in Advances in Fracture Research, edited by D. Francois, 1499 (1981).Google Scholar
20. Taylor, M. A., Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of California, Berkeley, (1969)Google Scholar
21. Passman, S. L., Grady, D. E. and Rundle, J. B., J. App. Phy. 51 (8), 4070 (1980).Google Scholar
22. Krajcinovic, D. and Fonseka, U., J. App. Mech, 48, 809 (1981).Google Scholar
23. Gopalaratnam, V. S. and Shah, S. P., ACI J., Proceedings, 82 (3), 310 (1985).Google Scholar
24. Shah, S. P. and Slate, F. O., in The Structure of Concrete, (Cement and Concrete Association, London, 1968) pp. 82–92.Google Scholar
25. Hillerborg, A., Modeen, M. and Petersson, P. E., Cem. and Conc. Res., 6 (6), 773 (1976).Google Scholar
26. Wecharatna, M. and Shah, S. P., Cem. and Conc. Res. 13, 819 (1983).Google Scholar
27. ACI Committee 544, ACI J., Proceedings, 75 (7), 283 (1978).Google Scholar
28. Ramakrishnan, V., Brandshaug, I., Coyle, W. V. and Schrader, E. K., ACI J., Proceedings, 77(3), 135 (1980).Google Scholar
29. Williamson, G. R., Tech. Rep. 2–48, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Ohio River Division Lab, (1966).Google Scholar
30. Robins, P. J., and Calderwod, R. W., Concrete, 76 (1978).Google Scholar
31. Gopalaratnam, V. S., Shah, S. P., and John, R., Exp. Mech. SEM, 24(2), 102 (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32. Suaris, W. and Shah, S. P., Composites, 13 (2), 153 (1982).Google Scholar
33. Hibbert, A. P., Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Surrey (1977).Google Scholar
34. Koyanagi, W., Rokugo, K, Uchide, Y., and Iwase, H., Trans. JCI, 5, 161 (1983).Google Scholar
35. Schrader, E. K., ACI K., Proceedings, 78 (2), 141 (1981).Google Scholar
36. Johnston, C. D., Cem. Conc. and Agg., ASTM, 4 (2), 53 (1982).Google Scholar
37. Henager, C. H., Testing and Test Methods of Fiber Cement Composites, RILEM Symp., 79 (1978).Google Scholar
38. Kobayashi, K., and Uneyama, K., JSCE, Proceedings, 251 (1980).Google Scholar
39. Gopalaratnam, V. S., Ph.D. Thesis, Northwestern University, 1985.Google Scholar