Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 February 2011
In the past decade, there has been an explosive development of computational techniques utilizing high-speed computers to study the electronic and atomic structural properties of solids. These techniques form an important compliment to laboratory experiments for providing a better understanding of spectroscopic properties, as well as the energetics of the solid systems. For ideal metallic and semiconducting crystal lattice with translational symmetry, the conventional energy band structure approaches are capable to provide a good degree of precision in both electronic structure and system energies. On the other hand the molecular-cluster model represents a convenient method of studying those properties that are primarily a function of the local environment of the system, such as vacancy, substitutional and interstitial defects.
Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences-Materials Science, under contract W-31-109-Eng-38.