Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T02:14:33.814Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Building a Low Cost, Hands-on Learning Curriculum on Glass Science and Engineering using Candy Glass

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

William R. Heffner
Affiliation:
wrh304@lehigh.edu, Lehigh University, Int. Mat. Inst. for Glass, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States
Himanshu Jain
Affiliation:
hj00@lehigh.edu, Lehigh University, Int. Mat. Inst. for Glass, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States
Get access

Abstract

We have developed a program to connect students, as well as the general public, with glass science in the modern world through a series of hands-on activities and learning experiences using sucrose based glass (a.k.a. hard candy). The scientific content of these experiments progresses systematically, providing an environment to develop an understanding of glassy materials within a framework of “active prolonged engagement” with the material. Most of the experiments can be assembled in a high school lab, or even in a home setting with minimal cost, and yet are appropriate for inclusion in an undergraduate materials lab. The cost is minimized by utilizing common, everyday materials and devices. Some of the activities included in our experiments include: synthesis, density, refractive index determination, glass transition, crystallization, kinetics of devitrification, thermal properties, etc. Temperature measurement, temperature control, and even automated data collection are part of the experience, providing an open path for the students to continue their own interesting and creative ideas.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 National Council for Excellence in Education, A Nation at Risk: The Imperative For Educational Reform, (U.S. Department of Education, Washington, DC, 1983)Google Scholar
2 Bell, Philip, Lewenstein, Bruce, Shouse, Andrew W., and Feder, Michael A., Editors, Learning Science in Informal Environments: People, Places, and Pursuits (National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 2009).Google Scholar
3 Jain, H. and Jain, I. H., Standard Experiments in Engineering Materials, Science and Technology, NEW: Update 2000. NASA/CP-2001-211029, pp. 169182 (2001).Google Scholar
4 Jain, H. and Jain, I. H., Proc. Am. Soc. Eng. Edu., Session 3264, pp 17 (2002).Google Scholar
5 McGee, Harold, On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen (Scribner, New York, 2004).Google Scholar
6 Hartel, Richard W., Crystallization in Foods (Aspen Publishers, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, 2001).Google Scholar
7 Mathlouthi, M. and Reiser, P. (eds), Sucrose Properties and Applications (Blackie Academic & Professional, Glasgow, UK, 1995).Google Scholar
8 Bubnik, Z and Kadlec, P., in Sucrose Properties and Applications, edited by Mathlouthi, M. and Reiser, P. (Blackie Academic & Professional, Glasgow, UK, 1995) pp. 107109.Google Scholar
9 Reiser, P., Birch, G. G. and Mathlouthi, M., in Sucrose Properties and Applications, edited by Mathlouthi, M. and Reiser, P. (Blackie Academic & Professional, Glasgow, UK, 1995) p. 190.Google Scholar
10 Hartel, , op. cit., p. 271.Google Scholar
11 Ranken, M. D., Baker, C. and Kill, R. C. (editors), Food Industries Manual, 24th Ed. (Blackie Academic & Professional, London, 1997) p. 418.Google Scholar
12 Hartel, , op. cit., p. 182.Google Scholar
13 Hook, Andrew Van and Frulla, Floro, Ind. Eng. Chem., 44, 1305 (1952).Google Scholar
14 Hartel, , op. cit., p. 182.Google Scholar
15 McGee, , op. cit., p. 687.Google Scholar
16 Hartel, , op. cit., p. 270.Google Scholar
17 McGee, , op. cit., p. 682.Google Scholar
18 Louisiana Sugar Planters' Association, The Louisiana Planter and Sugar Manufacturer, 46 (American Cane Growers' Association, New Orleans, 1911) p. 87.Google Scholar
19McGee, p. 681Google Scholar
20 Jain, H. and Jain, I., Sugar glass fiber drawing video, [online]. Available from: http://www.lehigh.edu/imi/libraryglassedu.html. Accessed 2009 Nov. 12.Google Scholar
21 Thornton, John I., Langhauser, C. and Kahane, D., Journal of Forensic Sciences 29, 711 (1984).Google Scholar
22 Palmer, C. Harvey, Optics: Experiments and Demonstrations (The John Hopkins Press, Baltimore, 1962), p. 9.Google Scholar
23 Hardy, Arthur and Perrin, Fred, The Principles of Optics (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1932) p. 548.Google Scholar
24From Constant Humidity Table in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 57th ed. (The CRC Press, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, 1976) p. E46.Google Scholar
25ImageJ is a public domain, Java-based image processing program developed at the National Institutes of Health. It is available for free download at. http://rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/ Google Scholar
26Vernier (http://www.vernier.com/) and Pasco http://www.pasco.com/) both produce data collection instruments commonly found in high school and college labs.Google Scholar