Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-kw2vx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-29T23:43:19.712Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Design and Preliminary Results of Redox Capacity Measurements of Granitic Rocks and Minerals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2011

Veijo O. Pirhonen ,
Petteri Pitkänen ,
Jukka Takala  and
Esko Arilahti
Veijo O. Pirhonen
Affiliation:
Technical Research Centre of Finland, Geotechnical Laboratory, P.O. BOX 108, SF-02151 Espoo, Finland.
Petteri Pitkänen
Affiliation:
Technical Research Centre of Finland, Geotechnical Laboratory, P.O. BOX 108, SF-02151 Espoo, Finland.
Jukka Takala
Affiliation:
Technical Research Centre of Finland, Geotechnical Laboratory, P.O. BOX 108, SF-02151 Espoo, Finland.
Esko Arilahti
Affiliation:
Metal Laboratory, P.O. Box 26, SF-02151 Espoo, Finland.
Get access

Abstract

A procedure for the measurements of the redox capacity of rocks and minerals is presented. Both solid and pulverized samples are used. In a preliminary test described in this paper, an oxygen loss of an aqueous solution in contact with pulverized granodiorite was measured directly on-line, with an oxygen sensor.

The increase of Fetot in the solution responded relatively well to the oxygen consumption. The maximum rate varied from 3.0 × 10−4 to 9.0 × 10−11 mol l−1 s−1 correspondingly. Oxygen loss of 0.04 mmol (O2) and iron increase of 0.1 mmol were recorded in the solution. Fe(II) reduction in the solid phase was also examined. Fe(II) was inferred to have partially dissolved during the experiment. When the system was equilibrated at the ambient conditions, the vessel was pressurized upto 100 bar with oxygen gas. Three weeks later, the additional decrease of Fe(II) in the solid phase was minimal, only 0.07 % Fe(II) was dissolved or oxidized on the rock surfaces. At this point, the Fetot in the solution, had decreased down to the background level. According to the total oxygen loss at the ambient coditions, the maximum redox capacity of the examined granodiorite (BET 1.0 m2/g) is 0.002 mmol/m2.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 212: Symposium P – Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XIV , 1990 , 839
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Applin, K. R. and Naiyu, Z., The kinetics of Fe(II) oxidation and well screen encrustation, Groundwater 27:2. 168–174 (1989).Google Scholar
2. Baes, C. F. and Mesmer, R. E., The hydrolysis of cations, John Wiley & Sons (1978).Google Scholar
3. Baxter, R. A., Mechanism of wet oxidation by hydrogen -peroxide. Central Electricity Generating Board, Report TPRD/B/1009/R87, 23 (1987).Google Scholar
4. Carnahan, C. L., Simulation of effects of redox precipitation on diffusion of uranium solution species in backfill, presented at the 1987 MRS Fall Meeting, Proceeding of Symposium P, 10 (1987).Google Scholar
5. Davison, W. and Seed, G., The kinetics of the oxidation of ferrous iron in synthetic and natural waters. Geo-chim. Cosmochim. Acta 47, 67 – 79 (1983).Google Scholar
6. Dryar, B. M., Naney, M. T. and Swanson, S. E., Effects of quench methods on Fe3+/Fe2+ ratios A Mössbauer and wet-chemical study, Am. Mineralogist, 72, 792–800 (1987).Google Scholar
7. Eriksen, T. E., Ndalamba, P., On the formation of a moving redox-front by alpha radiolysis of compacted water saturated bentonite, SKB TR 88–27, 12 (1988).Google Scholar
8. Eriksen, T. E., Ndalamba, P., Christensen, H. and Bjergbakke, E., Radiolyses of groundwater: influence of carbonate and chloride on the hydrogen peroxide production, SKB TR 88–22, 33 (1988).Google Scholar
9. Garrels, R. M. and Christ, C. L., Solutions, minerals, and equilibria, Harper and Row, New York 1965) p. 530.Google Scholar
10. Jamet, P., Non-dominant, processes; non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Presented at the 6 th Plenary CEC/CHEMVAL Meeting, Madrid, 1989 (unpublished).Google Scholar
11. Jantzer, C. M. and Bibler, N. E., in Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management IX, edited by Werme, L.O. (Mater. Res. Soc. Proc. 50, Pittsburg, PA 1986) pp. 219–230.Google Scholar
12. Kimball, B. A. and Lemon, E. R., Air turbulence effects upon soil gas exchange. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 35, 16–21 (1971).Google Scholar
13. Melnyk, T. W. and Skeet, A. M. M., An improved technique for determination of rock porosity. Can. J. Earth Sci. 23, 1068–1074 (1986).Google Scholar
14. Neretnieks, I., in Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management VII, edited by McVay, G.L., (Elsevier Science Publishers, New York, 1984) pp. 1009 – 1022.Google Scholar
15. Nicholson, W. G., Cherry, J. A., and Reardon, E. J., Reduction of acid generation in mine tailings through the use of moisture retaining cover layers as oxygen barriers, Can. Geotech. J., 26, 1–8 (1989).Google Scholar
16. Penkow, J. F. and Morgan, J. J., Kinetics for the aqueous environment, Envir. Sci. Tech. 15, 1155 – 1164 (1981).Google Scholar
17. Pirhonen, V. O., Measurements of redox capacity of granitic rocks and minerals. Test run and a status of the methods. TVO/KPA, turvallisuus ja tekniikka, työraportti 90–08 (unpublished report), 26 (1990).Google Scholar
18. Pirhonen, V. O., Pitkänen, A. P., and Front, K. A., Diffusion interfaces of fractures in granitic rocks. Nuclear Waste Commission of Finnish Power Companies, Report YJT-10-90, 20 + app. 22 (1990).Google Scholar
19. Pirhonen, V. O., Front, K. A., and Pitkänen, P., Porosity and. diffusivity of radionuclides in granitic rocks. Part I: Diffusion interfaces around permeable fractures, presented at the 1990 MRS Fall Meeting, Boston, M.A., 1990, in this issue, (unpublished)Google Scholar
20. Shoesmith, D. W., Sunder, S., Johnson, L. H., and Bailey, M. G., in Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management X, edited by Werme, L.O. (Mater, Res. Soc. Proc. 50. Pittsburg, PA 1986), pp. 309–316.Google Scholar
21. Simmons, G., and Richter, D., Microcracks in rocks, in Physics and chemistry of minerals and rocks, edited by Strens, R. G. J. (John Wiley and Sons, New York 1976), pp. 105–137.Google Scholar
22. Stumm, W. and Lee, G. F., Oxygenation of ferrous iron, Indust. Eng., Chem. 53, 123 – 143 (1961).Google Scholar
23. Torstenfelt, B., Allard, B., Johnsson, W. and Iltner, T., Iron content and reducing capacity of granites and ben-tonites. SKB TR 83–36, 9 (1983).Google Scholar
24. Troeth, F. R., Jabero, J. D., and Kirkham, D., Gaseous diffusion equations for porous materials, Geoderma, 27:239–253 (1982).Google Scholar
25. White, A. F., and Yee, A., Aqueous oxidation-reduction kinetics associated with coupled electron-cation transfer from iron-containing silicates at 25 °C, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 49, 1263–1275 (1985).Google Scholar
26. Wilson, A. D., The micro-determination of ferrous iron in silicate minerals by a volumetric and a colorimetric method. Analyst 85. 823–827 (1960).Google Scholar