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How Unique are the Microstructure and the Electrical Properties of Nanocrystalline Ceramics?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2011

P. Knauth  and
H. L. Tuller
P. Knauth
Affiliation:
Laboratory EDIFIS (UMR CNRS 6518), Faculty of Sciences of Marseille-St Jérôme, F-13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France, philippe.knauth@edifis.u-3mrs.fr
H. L. Tuller
Affiliation:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Crystal Physics and Electroceramics Laboratory, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Abstract

A literature overview on microstructural and electrical properties of nanocrystalline ceramics is given. Space charge effects in nanosystems, especially thin-films and colloidal particles, are discussed from a theoretical point of view. Some common features of nanocrystalline ceramics are pointed out: nanoparticles present few extended lattice imperfections and the densification process begins at distinctly lower temperatures than that of coarse-grained ceramics. A significant decrease of grain boundary resistance occurs due to grain-size dependent dopant segregation, which leads also to an important increase of the apparent solubility of dopants in nanocrystalline materials. A number of studies confirm the theoretically expected reduction of the point defect formation enthalpy at interface sites, giving rise to significantly larger nonstoichiometry and electronic conductivity of nanocrystalline materials. Increased ionic conductivity has been found only in a limited number of cases, some of which remain controversial.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 548: Symposia EE – Solid State Ionics V , 1998 , 429
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1999

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