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The Impact of Material Nanotopography on Cell Functions and Filopodia Extension: Experiments and Modeling

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Lei Yang ,
Qunyang Li ,
Viswanath Chinthapenta ,
Amy Liang ,
Brian W Sheldon  and
Thomas J Webster
Lei Yang
Affiliation:
lei_yang@brown.edu, Brown University, Engineering, 182 Hope Street, Box D, Providence, Rhode Island, 02912, United States, 401-863-3081
Qunyang Li
Affiliation:
qli@seas.upenn.edu, Brown University, Division of Engineering, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
Viswanath Chinthapenta
Affiliation:
Viswanath_Chinthapenta@brown.edu, Brown University, Division of Engineering, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
Amy Liang
Affiliation:
Amy_Liang@brown.edu, Brown University, Division of Engineering, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
Brian W Sheldon
Affiliation:
Brian_Sheldon@brown.edu, United States
Thomas J Webster
Affiliation:
thomas.webster@scholarone.com, United States
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Abstract

Exploring the cell-material interface is an emerging area of great interest in biomaterial science. Specifically, creating nanostructured surface interfaces to improve biomaterial efficacy is one of these key focus topics. As an example, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the positive role nanostructured surfaces can have towards promoting various cell functions. However, the relevant mechanism behind this improvement in biological interactions at the cell-implant interface is not well understood. For this reason, here, osteoblast (bone forming cells) and fibroblast (fibrous, soft tissue forming cells) functions (including adhesion and proliferation) on two carefully fabricated diamond films with dramatically different topographies were tested. The results revealed greater cell responses on nanocrystalline diamond (grain sizes <100nm) compared to submicron crystalline diamond (grain sizes 200˜1000nm). In order to understand this positive impact of diamond nanotopography on cell responses, fibronectin absorption and subsequent cell spreading were studied. More importantly, cell filopodia extensions were also studied through computational mechanical modeling. A deflection-diffusion model of cell filopodia extension was established and clearly suggested that increasing the lateral dimension or height of nanometer surface features could inhibit cell filopodia extension and decrease cell spreading. Both the experiments and modeling from this study indicated that a nanometer surface topography can enhance cell responses to promote implant efficacy.

Keywords

diamondnanostructurebiological
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1236: Symposium SS – Biosurfaces and Biointerfaces , 2009 , 1236-SS10-08
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2010

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