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A New Multilayered Composite Bioceramic for Bone Graft

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

JoséIgnacio Arias ,
Andrónico Neira-Carrillo ,
Mehrdad Yazdani-Pedram ,
Maria Soledad Fernandez  and
Jose Arias
JoséIgnacio Arias
Affiliation:
joarias@uchile.cl, Universidad Austral, Valdivia, Chile
Andrónico Neira-Carrillo
Affiliation:
aneira@uchile.cl, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Mehrdad Yazdani-Pedram
Affiliation:
mypedram@gmail.com, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Maria Soledad Fernandez
Affiliation:
sofernan@uchile.cl, University of Chile, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences and Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research in Materials (CIMAT), Santiago de Chile, Chile
Jose Arias
Affiliation:
jarias@uchile.cl, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago, 2, Chile
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Abstract

Bone grafts need to comply with some criteria of biocompatibility, including favoring neovascularization, new bone formation, and discourage inflammatory response and graft rejection. It is also expected that these materials should have mechanical properties similar to those of natural bone, that is, having enough pores to permit osteoprogenitor cells and vascular endothelium penetration but maintaining strength and flexibility.

Here, a new resistant and flexible tridimensional multilayered bioceramic composite was obtained by using chitosan and hydroxyapatite in combination with cells and their associated growth factors from the bone marrow tissue, allowing the development of a biocompatible bone graft.

This multilayered graft made out of chitosan functionalized with phosphate groups and mineralized with calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite) was analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to assess the degree of phosphorylation and the amount of hydroxyapatite present in the graft. The composite was further characterized by mechanical testing (Vicker's microhardness test), in vitro osteoblasts culture citotoxicity tests.

The results showed that this multilayered graft has mechanical properties comparable to that of trabecular bone and it was capable to keed osteogenic cells alive.

Keywords

biomaterialbiomimetic (assembly)composite
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1187: Symposium KK – Structure-Property Relationships in Biomineralized and Biomimetic Composites , 2009 , 1187-KK09-02
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

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