Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T13:31:50.747Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A tool to draw chemical equilibrium diagrams using SIT: Applications to geochemical systems and radionuclide solubility

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 July 2014

I. Puigdomènech ,
E. Colàs ,
M. Grivé ,
I. Campos  and
D. García
I. Puigdomènech
Affiliation:
Swedish Nuclear Fuel & Waste Management Co. (SKB), Stockholm, Sweden.
E. Colàs
Affiliation:
Amphos 21, Barcelona, Spain.
M. Grivé
Affiliation:
Amphos 21, Barcelona, Spain.
I. Campos
Affiliation:
Amphos 21, Barcelona, Spain.
D. García
Affiliation:
Amphos 21, Barcelona, Spain.
Get access

Abstract

A set of computer programs has been developed to draw chemical-equilibrium diagrams. This new software is the Java-language equivalent to the Medusa/Hydra software (developed some time ago in Visual basic at the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden). The main program, now named “Spana” calls Java programs based on the HaltaFall algorithm. The equilibrium constants that are needed for the calculations may be retrieved from a database included in the software package (“Database” program). This new software is intended for undergraduate students as well as researchers and professionals.

The “Spana” code can be easily applied to perform radionuclide speciation and solubility calculations of minerals, including solubility calculations relevant for the performance assessment of a nuclear waste repository. In order to handle ionic strength corrections in such calculations several approaches can be applied. The “Spana” code is able to perform calculations based on three models: the Davies equation; an approximation to the model by Helgeson et al. (HKF); and the Specific Ion-Interaction Theory (SIT). Default SIT-coefficients may be used, which widens the applicability of SIT significantly.

A comparison is made here among the different ionic strength approaches used by “Spana” (Davies, HKF, SIT) when modelling the chemistry of radionuclides and minerals of interest under the conditions of a geological repository for nuclear waste. For this purpose, amorphous hydrous Thorium(IV) oxide (ThO2(am)), Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) and Portlandite (Ca(OH)2) solubility at high ionic strengths have been modelled and compared to experimental data from the literature. Results show a good fitting between the calculated values and the experimental data especially for the SIT approach in a wide range of ionic strengths (0-4 M).

Keywords

geologicsimulationactinide
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1665: Symposium NW – Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXVII , 2014 , pp. 111 - 116
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Azimi, G. (2010). Evaluating the Potential of Scaling due to Calcium Compounds in Hydrometallurgical Processes. PhD Thesis, University of Toronto.Google Scholar
Christov, C. and Moller, N. (2004). Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 68, 3717–3739.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davies, C.W. (1962). Ion association. London, Butterworths.Google Scholar
Ekelund, R., Sillén, L. G. and Wahlberg, O. (1970). Acta Chem. Scand. 24, 3073.10.3891/acta.chem.scand.24-3073CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eriksson, G. (1979). Anal. Chim. Acta 112, 375–383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Felmy, A.R., Rai, D. and Mason, M.J. (1991). Radiochim. Acta 55, 177–185.10.1524/ract.1991.55.4.177CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grenthe, I., Plyasunov, A. V. and Spahiu, K. (1997) In Modelling in Aquatic Chemistry (eds. Grenthe, I. and Puigdomenech, I.), pp. 325–426. OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, Paris, France.Google Scholar
Helgeson, H. C., Kirkham, D. H. and Flowers, D. C. (1981). Am. J. Sci. 281, 1249–1516.10.2475/ajs.281.10.1249CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hummel, W. (2009) Report PSI-TM-44-09-01, Paul Scherrer Institut.Google Scholar
Ingri, N., Kakolowicz, W., Sillén, L. G. and Warnqvist, B. (1967) Talanta 14, 1261–1286. Errata: 15(3) (1968) xi-xii.10.1016/0039-9140(67)80203-0CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nordstrom, D. K., (2005). In Surface and Ground Water, Weathering, and Solids (ed. Drever, J.I.), pp. 37–72. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Puigdomenech, I. (1983) Report TRITA-OOK-3010, Dept. Inorg. Chem., Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.Google Scholar
Puigdomenech, I. (2000) In “219th ACS National Meeting. San Francisco, CA, March 26-30, 2000. Abstracts of Papers”, Vol. 1, abstract I&EC-248. American Chemical Society.Google Scholar
Parkhurst, D.L. and Appelo, C.A.J. (2013). U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, Book 6, Chap. A43.Google Scholar
Rand, M., Fuger, J., Grenthe, I., Neck, V., Rai, D. (2009) Chemical Thermodynamics of Thorium. OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, Paris, France.Google Scholar
Warnqvist, B. and Ingri, N. (1971) Talanta 18, 457–458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar