No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Continuing Nationalism in Yugoslav Historiography1
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 November 2018
Extract
It was in late 1964, in a major address before the 8th Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, that Tito condemned “various negative ‘traditions’” in the sphere of Yugoslav historiography. He called for resolutely “stamping out nationalistic interpretations of the cultural achievements and legacy of the past.” Tito deplored “un-Marxist, uncritical and unscientific appraisals of events and personalities in national history” which were sometimes mere repetitions of “certain bourgeois-nationalistic assessments.” He specified, “For instance, only the positive aspect of certain movements, events and persons is stressed while their negative side is hardly ever mentioned, or, if so, only in general terms and reluctantly. Further, we come across cases, although less frequently, where some sort of superiority of one national history and culture over another is stressed in some indirect way.” Tito warned that nationalistic conceptions in Yugoslav historiography often assumed a political character and led to disputes of “ugly proportions.” In 1966 Tito had occasion once again to warn that some historians were poisoning relations between the nationalities of Yugoslavia by discussing “who had what great men and when” and which nationality had “a more glorious past.”
- Type
- Articles
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © Association for the Study of Nationalities of Eastern Europe, 1978
References
Notes
1. This paper was presented at the ninth national convention of the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies in Washington D.C., October 15, 1977.Google Scholar
2. Tito, Josip Broz, “The Role of the League of Communists in the Further Development of Socialist Social Relations and Current Problems in the International Workers' Movement and in the Struggle for Peace and Socialism in the World,” in VIII Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia; Practice and Theory of Socialist Development in Yugoslavia (Belgrade: Medjunarodna Politika, 1965), p. 40.Google Scholar
3. Vucinich, Wayne S., “Nationalism and Communism,” in Contemporary Yugoslavia; Twenty Years of Socialist Experiment, ed. Wayne S. Vucinich (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1969), pp. 277-78.Google Scholar
4. For an analysis of the 1971 Yugoslav census in terms of the nationalities question, see the chapter by Michael B. Petrovich, “Population Structure,” in Südosteuropa-Handbuch, 1, Jugoslawien (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1975), pp. 322-44.Google Scholar
5. Vucinich, , “Nationalism,” p. 278.Google Scholar
6. Ibid. Google Scholar
7. Plenča, Dušan, “O nacionalnim pojavama i deformacijama u istoriografiji oslo-bodilačkog rata i revolucije,” Gledišta, 6, no. 1 (1965), pp. 29–50.Google Scholar
8. Bogdanov, Vaso, “Porijeklo i ciljevi šovinističkih teza o držanju Hrvata 1941,” Zbornik Historijskog Instituta Jugoslavenske Akademije Znanosti i Umjetnosti (Zagreb, 1961), pp. 5–91.Google Scholar
9. Istorija naroda Jugoslavije, 1. Bogo Grafenauer, Dušan Perovič and Jaroslav Sidak (Belgrade: Prosveta, 1953; also other editions).Google Scholar
10. Istorija naroda Jugoslavije, 2, ed. Bogo Grafenauer, Branislav Djurdjev and Jorjo Tadić (Belgrade: Prosveta, 1960; also other editions).Google Scholar
11. Vucinich, , “Nationalism,” p. 281.Google Scholar
12. Ekmečić, Milorad, “Odgovor na neke kritike ‘Istorije Jugoslavije’ (XIX vijek),” Jugoslovenski Istorijski Časopis, 13, nos. 1–2 (1974), p. 280.Google Scholar
13. Božić, Ivan, Ćirković, Sima, Ekmečić, Milorad, and Dedijer, Vladimir, Istorija Jugoslavije (Belgrade: Prosveta, 1972).Google Scholar
14. Ćorović, Vladimir, Istorija Jugoslavije (Belgrade: Narodno Delo, 1933). Anto Babić published an Istorija naroda Jugoslavije (Sarajevo: Svjetlost, 1948) soon after the Second World War which was criticized by the Communist Party, despite the author's high political and academic position, and has been ignored. Nor have the many reviewers of the recent volume by Božić et al., taken into account several relatively brief school textbooks on Yugoslav history when making comparisons, since only Ćorović's volume is deemed to be of comparable scholarly significance.Google Scholar
15. Dedijer, Vladimir, Božić, I., Ćirković, S., and Ekmečić, M., History of Yugoslavia (New York: McGraw Hill, 1974).Google Scholar
16. See the excellent series of reports by Rusinow, Dennison I., “Crisis in Croatia,” published in four parts in the American Universities Field Staff Reports, Southeast Europe Series, 19, nos. 4 through 7 (1972); as well as his book The Yugoslav Experiment 1948-1974 (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1977), especially the last two chapters, which contain much of the material in the above reports.Google Scholar
17. Ekmečić, , “Odgovor,” p. 230. For Ekmečić's list of reviews of Istorija Jugoslavije see especially footnote 1, pp. 217-18.Google Scholar
18. “Istorija Jugoslavije,” Gledišta, 14, no. 3 (March, 1973), p. 261-62, editors' note.Google Scholar
19. Ekmečić, , “Odgovor,” p. 232.Google Scholar
20. Bojić, Alija, “Istorija Jugoslavije,” Gledišta, 14, no. 3 (March, 1973), p. 309.Google Scholar
21. Kljaković, Vojmir, ibid., p. 281.Google Scholar
22. Gross, Mirjana, “Ideja jugoslavenstva u XIX stoljeću u ‘Istoriji Jugoslavije’,” Časopis za Suvremenu Povijest, 2 (1973), p. 8.Google Scholar
23. Ekmečić, , “Odgovor,” p. 218.Google Scholar
24. Ekmečić, , “Završna riječ u polemici sa Mirjanom Gross,” Jugoslovenski Istorijski Časopis, 15, nos. 1-2 (1976), p. 156.Google Scholar
25. Sućeska, Avdo, “Odgovor Miloradu Ekmečiću,” Gledišta, 16, no. 10 (October, 1975), pp. 945-46.Google Scholar
26. Gross, , “Ideja,” p. 8.Google Scholar
27. Sućeska, , “Istorija Jugoslavije,” Gledišta, 14, no. 3 (March, 1973), pp. 262-63.Google Scholar
28. Ekmečić, , “Odgovor na neke kritike …,” p. 220.Google Scholar
29. Ibid, p. 222.Google Scholar
30. Šidak, Jaroslav, review of Istorija Jugoslavije in Naše Teme (October, 1973), 1752-53.Google Scholar
31. Gross, , “Ideja,” pp. 157-58.Google Scholar
32. Ibid., p. 160.Google Scholar
33. Ibid., p. 158.Google Scholar
34. Sućeska, , “Odgovor Miloradu Ekmečiću,” 946-47.Google Scholar
35. Imamovic, Mustafa, “Istorija Jugoslavije,” Gledišta, 14, no. 3 (March, 1973), p. 321; Sućeska, ibid., p. 263.Google Scholar
36. Bojić, , “Istorija,” p. 307.Google Scholar
37. Ibid., pp. 305–306.Google Scholar
38. Gross, , “Ideja,” p. 8.Google Scholar
39. Kljaković, , loc. cit., pp. 279–280.Google Scholar
40. Sućeska, , “Istorijske osnove nacionalne posebnosti bosansko-hercegovačkih Muslimana,” Jugoslovenski Istorijski Časopis, 8, no. 4 (1969), pp. 47–54, especially p. 53.Google Scholar
41. Sućeska, , “Istorija Jugoslavije,” 263-65.Google Scholar
42. Sućeska, , “Odgovor Miloradu Ekmečiću,” 947; Imamović, “Istorija,” p. 324.Google Scholar
43. Imamović, , “Nekoliko bilježaka povodom odgovora Milorada Ekmečića na neke kritike ‘Istorije Jugoslavije’,” Gledišta, 16, no. 10 (October, 1975); pp. 953-54.Google Scholar
44. Ekmečić, , review of Šidak, Gross, Karaman, and Šepić, Povijest hrvatskog naroda g. 1860.-1940 (Zagreb: Školska Knjiga, 1968) in Jugoslovenski Istorijski Časopis, 8, no. 3 (1969), p. 89.Google Scholar
45. Gross, , “Ideja,” p. 158.Google Scholar
46. Ciliga, Vera, “O pogledima Milorada Ekmečića na hrvatsku povijest,” Jugoslovenski Istorijski Časopis, 14, nos. 3-4 (1975), p. 165.Google Scholar
47. Ciliga, Vera, “O interpretaciji hrvatske povijesti XIX st. u ‘Istoriji Jugoslavije,’” Časopis za Suvremenu Povijest, 5, 2 [12] (1973), p. 25.Google Scholar
48. Ciliga, , “O pogledima …,” p. 166.Google Scholar
49. Ciliga, , “O interpretaciji …,” p. 22.Google Scholar
50. Ekmečić, , “Odgovor na neke kritike …,” pp. 232-33.Google Scholar
51. Gross, , “Ideja,” pp. 123, 159.Google Scholar
52. Ibid., p. 122.Google Scholar
53. Ibid., p. 20.Google Scholar
54. Ekmečć, , “Odgovor na neke kritike …,” p. 236.Google Scholar
55. Strčić, Petar, “Primjedbe na tekst o Istri u drugoj polovici XIX st. u ‘Prosvetinoj’ Istoriji Jugoslavije,” Časopis za Suvremenu Povijest, 5, no. 1 [11], (1973), pp. 195–210.Google Scholar
56. Strčić, Petar, “Zašto M. Ekmečić nije pobio niti jednu od mojih 49 primjedbi,” Jugoslovenski Istorijski Časopis, 14, nos. 1-2 (1975), p. 183.Google Scholar
57. Ibid. Google Scholar
58. See, for example, the study by Perić, Ivan, Suvremeni hrvatski nacionalizam; izvori i izrazi (Zagreb: “August Cesarec,” 1976), especially the section “Frankovačko-ustaška struja,” pp. 118-32.Google Scholar
59. Ekmečić, , “Odgovor na neke kritike …,” p. 250.Google Scholar
60. Gross, Mirjana, “O nacionalnoj ideologiji Ante Starčevića i Eugene Kvaternika,” Časopis za Suvremenu Povijest, 1, (1972), p. 26.Google Scholar
61. Ekmečić, , “Odgovor na neke kritike …,” p. 250.Google Scholar
62. Ibid., p. 238.Google Scholar
63. Ciliga, , “O interpretaciji …,” p. 29.Google Scholar
64. Ekmečić. “Odgovor na neke kritike …,” p. 245.Google Scholar
65. Ibid. Google Scholar
66. Božić et al., Istorija Jugoslavije, pp. 267 and 402 respectively.Google Scholar
67. Ekmečić, , “Odgovor na neke kritike …,” p. 245.Google Scholar
68. Ibid., p. 246.Google Scholar
69. Ibid., p. 236.Google Scholar
70. Gross, , “Ideja jugoslavenstva …,” pp. 10, 121.Google Scholar
71. Ibid., p. 127.Google Scholar
72. Ibid., pp. 122-23.Google Scholar
73. Ibid., p. 160.Google Scholar
74. Ekmečić, , “Odgovor na neke kritike …,” p. 241.Google Scholar
75. Gross, Mirjana, “Maliciozne marginalije o ‘delikatnim’ pitanjima,” Časopis za Suvremenu Povijest, 3, no. 1 (1971), p. 222.Google Scholar
76. Ekmečić, , “Odgovor na neke kritike …,” p. 280.Google Scholar
77. Imamović, , “Istorija Jugoslavije,” p. 326.Google Scholar
78. Grafenauer, Bogo, Zgodovina slovenskega naroda, 2nd rev. ed. (Ljubljana: Državna Založba Slovenije, 1964-); Institut za nacionalna istorija — Skopje, Istorija na makedonskiot narod, (Skopje: Nova Makedonija, 1969); Redakcija za Istoriju Crne Gore, Istorija Crne Gore (Titograd: Redakcija za Istoriju Crne Gore, 1967-).Google Scholar