Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-29T04:13:11.642Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The changing face of the Other in Romanian films

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Florentina Andreescu*
Affiliation:
University of Miami, Florida, USA

Abstract

This article focuses on how the Other is represented and understood in films produced in Romania during periods of radical political, social and economic change. Specifically it addresses films produced during the years of communism and the planned economy, during the transition to democracy and to capitalism, as well as films produced during the period of democracy, capitalism and membership in the European Union. The research acknowledges two main aspects: the changing face of the Other over time (the socialist state, the foreign investors, the West, etc.) and the consistency of the fantasy structure. More specifically, the relationship between self and the Other generally follows a strict masochist fantasy script in which the Other has the power to constrain freedom, to inflict pain, and to function as an essential element through which pleasure is understood and experienced. The research proposes an understanding of this structure of fantasy, reflected in film through the existence of a national psyche written by the main myths and stories embraced by the society in discussion. This structure of fantasy hails and constructs a certain subject that has a basic masochistic psychic structure.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © 2011 Association for the Study of Nationalities 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alexander, Jeffrey C. Cultural Trauma and Collective Identity. Berkeley, CA: U of California P, 2004. Print.Google Scholar
Anderson, Benedict R.O'G. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso, 1991. Print.Google Scholar
Behr, Edward. Kiss the Hand You Cannot Bite: The Rise and Fall of the Ceausescus. New York: Villard, 1991. Print.Google Scholar
Berry, David. The Romanian Mass Media and Cultural Development. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 2004. Print.Google Scholar
Boia, Lucian. History and Myth in Romanian Consciousness. Budapest: Central European UP, 2001. Print.Google Scholar
Boia, Lucian. Mitologia Ştiinṭifică a Comunismului. Procesul comunismului. Bucureşti: Humanitas, 1999. Print.Google Scholar
Boiangiu, Alexandru, dir. Destinaţa Mahmudia [Destination Mahmudia]. 1981. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Borneman, John. Death of the Father: An Anthropology of the End in Political Authority. New York: Berghahn Books, 2004. Print.Google Scholar
Bratu, Lucian, dir. Angela Merge May Departe [Angela Keeps Going]. 1981. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Burillianu, Aristide. “Cultural Life.” Captive Rumania a Decade of Soviet Rule. Ed. Cretzianu, Alexandre and Boila, Romulus. London: Atlantic, 1956.Google Scholar
Calotescu, Virgil, dir. Ana si hoţul [Ana and the thief]. 1981. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Calotescu, Virgil, dir. Buletin de Bucuresti [Bucharest Identity Card]. 1982. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Calotescu, Virgil, dir. Trei Scrisori Secrete [Three Secret Letters]. 1974. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Călinescu, George, and Piru, Al. Istoria Literaturii Romăne: De La Origini Pìnă Ìn Prezent. Bucuresti: Minerva, 1982. Print.Google Scholar
Chancer, Lynn S. Sadomasochism in Everyday Life: The Dynamics of Power and Powerlessness. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers UP, 1992. Print.Google Scholar
Crowther, William E. The Political Economy of Romanian Socialism. New York: Praeger, 1988. Print.Google Scholar
Daneliuc, Mircea, dir. Patul Conjugal [Conjugal Bed]. 1993. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Hall, Kirsty. The Stuff of Dreams: Fantasy, Anxiety, and Psychoanalysis. London: Karnac, 2007. Print.Google Scholar
Helmis, Napoleon, dir. Italiencele [The Italian Girls]. 2004. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Hinton, Laura. The Perverse Gaze of Sympathy: Sadomasochistic Sentiments from Clarissa to Rescue 911. SUNY Series in Feminist Criticism and Theory. Albany: State U of New York P, 1999. Print.Google Scholar
Kaceanov, Marina. 2008. On the New Romanian Cinema. 25 March. 2008. Web. 28 Aug. 2010.Google Scholar
Kideckel, David A. Getting By in Postsocialist Romania: Labor, the Body, & Working-Class Culture. Bloomington, IN: Indiana UP, 2008. Print.Google Scholar
Kornai, János. The Socialist System: The Political Economy of Communism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1992. Print.Google Scholar
Lacan, Jacques. Écrits. Paris: Éditions du Senil, 1970. Print.Google Scholar
Laing, R D. The Divided Self: A Study of Sanity and Madness. Studies in existential analysis and phenomenology. Chicago, IL: Quadrangle Books, 1960. Print.Google Scholar
Lander, Romulo, and Filc, Judith. Subjective Experience and the Logic of the Other. New York: Other, 2006. Print.Google Scholar
Lévi-Strauss, Claude. Structural Anthropology. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1963. Print.Google Scholar
Marcus, Manole, dir. Puterea si Adevarul [The Power and the Truth]. 1971. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Mărăscu, Tudor, dir. Buna Seara, Irina [Good Evening, Irina]. 1980. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Mărgineanu, Nicolae, dir. Priveste Ìnainte cu Mănie [Look Forward in Anger]. 1993. Romania: Ager Film. Film.Google Scholar
McGowan, Todd. The Real Gaze: Film Theory After Lacan. Albany: State U of New York P, 2007. Print.Google Scholar
Miţulescu, Cătălin. Cum mi-am petrecut sfărşitul lumii [The Way I Spend the End of the World]. 2007. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Mulvey, Laura. Fetishism and Curiosity. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1996. Print.Google Scholar
Mungiu, Cristian, dir. Occident [West]. 2002. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Mungiu, Cristian, dir. 4 Luni, 3 Săptămăni şi 2 Zile [4 Months, 3 Weeks, and 2 Days]. 2007. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Munteanu, Radu, dir. Boogie [Boogie]. 2009. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Munteanu, Radu, dir. Furia [The Fury]. 2002. Canada: Filme Románesti. film.Google Scholar
Nemescu, Cristian. California Dreamin’ (Nesfărşit) [California Dreamin’ (Endless)]. 2007. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Nicolaescu, Sergiu, dir. Zile Fierbinţi [Hot Days]. 1976. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Pintilie, Lucian, dir. Terminus Paradis [Next Stop Paradise]. 1998. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Piţa, Dan, dir. Omul zilei [The Man of the Day]. 1997. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Piţa, Dan, dir. Pepe si Fifi [Pepe and Fifi]. 1994. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Porumboiu, Corneliu, dir. Visul lui Liviu [Liviu's dream]. 2004. Bucharest: MDV Film. Film.Google Scholar
Puiu, Cristi, dir. Marfa şi Banii/[Stuff and Dough]. 2001. Romania: Filme romanesti. Film.Google Scholar
Puiu, Cristi, dir. Moartea domnului Lăzărescu [Death of Mr. Lazarescu]. 2005. Los Angeles, CA: Tartan Video USA. Film.Google Scholar
Sellin, Frank. “Democratization in the Shadows: Post-Communist Patrimonialism.” Romania Since 1989: Politics, Economics, and Society. Ed. Carey, Henry F. Lanham: Lexington Books. 2004. 117139. Print.Google Scholar
Shapiro, Michael J. Methods and Nations: Cultural Governance and the Indigenous Subject. Global horizons. New York: Routledge, 2004. Print.Google Scholar
Smelser, Neil J.Psychological Trauma and Cultural Trauma.” Cultural Trauma and Collective Identity. Ed. Alexander, Jeffrey C. Berkeley, Calif: U of California P, 2004. Print. 3160.Google Scholar
Sztompka, Piotr. “The Trauma of Social Change a Case of Postcommunist Societies.” Cultural Trauma and Collective Identity. Ed. Alexander, Jeffrey C. Berkeley, Calif: U of California P, 2004. Print. 155–96.Google Scholar
Tănăsoiu, Cosmina. “Post-communist Political Symbolism. New Myths, Same Old Stories? An Analysis of Romanian Political Mythology.” Romanian Journal of Political Science 5.1 (2005): 111–28. Print.Google Scholar
Tatoş, Alexandru. Mere Roşii [Red Apples]. 1976. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Tismaneanu, Vladimir. Fantasies of Salvation: Democracy, Nationalism, and Myth in Post-Communist Europe. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1998. Print.Google Scholar
Ursu, Timotei, dir. Decolarea [The Take-Off]. 1971. Canada: Filme Romănesti. Film.Google Scholar
Verdery, Katherine. Nationalism and National Sentiment in Post-Socialist Romania. Global Forum Series Occasional Paper 93–1.3. Durham, NC: Center for International Studies, Duke U, 1993. Print.Google Scholar
Pluth, ed. Signifiers and Acts: Freedom in Lacan's Theory of the Subject. Albany: State U of New York P, 2007. Print.Google Scholar
Žižek, Slavoj. The Plague of Fantasies [Wo es war]. London: Verso, 1997. Print.Google Scholar