Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T01:38:55.715Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

(Re)Construction of Collective Identities after the Dissolution of the Soviet Union: The Case of Estonia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Triin Vihalemm  and
Anu Masso
Triin Vihalemm
Affiliation:
Department of Journalism and Communication, University of Tartu, Estonia. Email: triin.vihalemm@ut.ee
Anu Masso
Affiliation:
Department of Journalism and Communication, University of Tartu, Estonia. Email: anu.masso@ut.ee
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The paper will focus on the structures of collective identities of the Russian-speaking population of Estonia. Particular cultural and political orientations held by individuals and frequencies of self-categorization as Russian, ex-Soviet, citizens of Estonia, etc. have been discussed extensively. Much less attention has been paid to the structures of self-identification, which draw out people's thinking patterns. The paper is based on the methodological premise that analysis and interpretation of the disposition of different types of self-categorization is worth the effort, as it helps to elucidate the general meta-structures behind people's interpretation of different identification narratives and provides an opportunity to make prognoses about future scenarios.

Type
Articles
Information
Nationalities Papers , Volume 35 , Issue 1 , March 2007 , pp. 71 - 91
Copyright
Copyright © 2007 Association for the Study of Nationalities 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aasland, Agne. “Russians outside Russia: The New Russian Diaspora.” In The Nationalities Question in the Post-Soviet States, edited by Smith, Graham. London and New York: Longman, 1996.Google Scholar
Abrams, Dominic, and Hogg, Michael, eds. Social Identity Theory. New York: Springer, 1990.Google Scholar
Appadurai, Arjun. Modernity at Large. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Beck, Ulrich, and Beck-Gernsheim, Elizabeth. Individualization. London: Sage, 2002.Google Scholar
Bhabha, Homi. “DissemiNation: Time, Narrative, and the Margins of the Modern Nation.” In Nation and Narration, edited by Bhabha, Homi. London and New York: Routledge, 1990.Google Scholar
Brady, Henry E. “Categorically Wrong? Nominal versus Graded Measures of Ethnic Identity.” Studies in Comparative International Development, no. 3 (2000): 1–36.Google Scholar
Castells, Manuel. The Information Age: Economy, Society, and Culture. The Power of Identity. Oxford: Blackwell, 1997.Google Scholar
Chinn, Jeff, and Kaiser, Robert. Russians as the New Minority: Ethnicity and Nationalism in the Soviet Successor States. Boulder: Westview, 1996.Google Scholar
Danilova, Elena, and Yadov, Vladimir, “Social Identification in Post-Soviet Russia: Empirical Evidence and Theoretical Explanation.” International Review of Sociology 7, No. 2 (1997): 319–35.Google Scholar
Giesen, Bernard. Kollektive Identität. Intellektuellen und die Nation 2. Frankfurt-am-Main: Suhrkamp, 1999.Google Scholar
Hall, Stuart. “Cultural Identity and Diaspora.” In Identity: Community, Culture, Difference, edited by Rutherford, J. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1990.Google Scholar
Hallik, Klara. “Mitmerahvuslike ühiskondade integratsionistrateegiad ja Eesti kohanemine etniliste uusvähemustega” [Integration Strategies of Multinational Societies and Estonia's Adaptation to New Ethnic Minorities]. In Vene noored Eestis [Russian Youth in Estonia], edited by Järve, Priit. Tallinn: Avita, 1997.Google Scholar
Haslam, S. Alexander, Powell, Clare, and Turner, John. “Social Identity, Self-Categorization, and Work Motivation: Rethinking the Contribution of the Group to Positive and Sustainable Organisational Outcomes.” Applied Psychology, no. 3 (2000): 319–39.Google Scholar
“Integration in Estonian Society 2000–2007” programme [cited 13 June 2006]. Available from www.rahvastikuminister.ee/en/home/plans/integrationprogram.html; INTERNET.Google Scholar
Hopkins, Nick, and Reicher, Steve. “The Construction of Social Categories and Process of Social Change: Arguing about National Identities.” In Changing European Identities: Social Psychological Analyses of Social Change, edited by Breakwell, Glynis M. and Evanthia, Lyons. Bodmin, Cornwall: Hartnolls, 1996.Google Scholar
Jakobson, Valeria. “Role of Estonian Russian-Language Media in Integration of Russian Minority into Estonian Society and Forming its ‘Collective Identities.”’ Ph.D. diss., University of Tampere, 2002. Acta Universitatis Tamperensis 858 (2002).Google Scholar
Jenkins, Richard. Social Identity. London: Routledge, 1996.Google Scholar
Kalmus, Veronika, and Vihalemm, Triin. “Distinct Mental Structures in Transitional Culture: An Empirical Analysis of Values and Identities in Estonia.” Journal of Baltic Studies 36, No. 1 (2006): 94–123.Google Scholar
Kennedy, Michael. Cultural Formations of Post-Communism: Emancipation, Transition, Nation, and War. Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Kirch, Marika, and Laitin, David D., eds. Changing Identities in Estonia. Tallinn: Akadeemia Trükk, 1994.Google Scholar
Kirch, Aksel, Kirch, Marika, and Tuisk, Tarmo. Nene noorte etnilise ja kultuurilise identiteedi muutused aastatel 1993–1996. [“Changes of the cultural identity of Russian youth in 1993–1996”]. In Vene noored Eestis [Russian Youth in Estonia], edited by Jarve, Priit. Tallinn: Avita, 1997.Google Scholar
Kost⊘, Pål. Russians in the Former Soviet Republics. London: Hurst & Company, 1995.Google Scholar
Kost⊘, Pål. Political Construction Sites. Nation Building in Russia and the Post-Soviet States. Boulder and Oxford: Westview, 2000.Google Scholar
Kosmarskaya, Natalya. “Russkije Diaspory: polititcheskije mifologii i realii massovogo soznanija” [Russian Diasporas: Political Mythology and Realities of Mass Consciousness]. Diasporas [Diaspori] 4, No. 2 (2002): 110–54.Google Scholar
Kõuts, Ragne. “Riikluse tõlgendusmallid Eesti ajakirjanduses enamuse-vähemuse suhete taustal” [The Ideologies of Statehood in the Estonian Media against Minority-Majority Relations]. Unpublished Master's thesis, Department of Sociology, University of Tartu, 2002.Google Scholar
Laitin, David, D. Identity in Formation: The Russian-Speaking Populations in the Near Abroad. Ithaca, NY and London: Cornell University Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Laitin, David, D. “Three Models of Integration and the Estonian/Russian Reality.” Journal of Baltic Studies 34, No. 2 (2003): 197–222.Google Scholar
Lauristin, Marju, and Vihalemm, Peeter. “Recent Historical Developments in Estonia: Three Stages of Transition (1987–1997).” In Return to the Western World, edited by Lauristin, Marju, Vihalemm, Peeter, Rosengren, Karl-Erik, and Weibull, Lennart. Tartu: Tartu University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Lebedeva, Natalia M. “Russkije v stranah bilzhnego zarubezhja.” Vestnik RAN, no. 4 (1998): 296–305.Google Scholar
Linz, Juan L, and Stepan, Alfred. Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Masso, Anu. “Venelased Eestis: mõningate indentifitseerivate kategooriate tähendusest” [Russians in Estonia. On the Social Significance of Identification Categories]. Unpublished BA thesis, Department of Sociology, University of Tartu, 1999.Google Scholar
Melvin, Neil. Russians beyond Russia: The Politics of National Identity. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1995.Google Scholar
Pilkington, Hilary. Migration, Displacement and Identity in Post-Soviet Russia. London and New York: Routledge, 1998.Google Scholar
Poppe, Edwin, and Hagendoorn, Louk, “Types of Identification among Russians in the ‘Near Abroad.”’ Europe-Asia Studies 53, No. 1 (2001): 57–71.Google Scholar
Schopflin, György. “Estonians Need the Russian Elite.” Luup, no. 16 (1999): 16–17.Google Scholar
Smith, David. “Russia, Estonia and Ethno-Politics.” Journal of Baltic Studies 29, No. 1 (1998): 3–18.Google Scholar
Smith, Graham, and Wilson, Andrew. “Rethinking Russia's Post-Soviet Diaspora: The Potential for Political Mobilization in Eastern Ukraine and North-East Estonia.” Europe–Asia Studies 49, No. 5 (1997): 845–65.Google Scholar
Subbotina, Irina. “Russkije v estonii: alternativy I perspektivy.” In Vynuzdennye migranty: integratsija I vozvrashenije. Moscow: Institute of Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1997.Google Scholar
Sztompka, Piotr. “Cultural Trauma: The Other Face of Social Change.” European Journal of Social Theory 3, No. 4 (2002): 449–66.Google Scholar
Vihalemm, Triin. “Estonian Language Competence, Performance and Beliefs on Acquisition among the Russian-Speaking Inhabitants of Estonia 1989–1995.” International Journal of Sociology of Language, no. 139 (1999): 69–85.Google Scholar
Vihalemm, Triin. “Formation of Collective Identity among the Russophone Population of Estonia.” In Dissertationes de mediis et communicationibus Universitattis Tartuensis. Tartu: Tartu University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Vihalemm, Triin. “Group Identity Formation Processes among Russian-Speaking Settlers of Estonia: A View from a Linguistic Perspective.” Journal of Baltic Studies 30, No. 1 (1999): 18–39.Google Scholar
Vihalemm, Triin. “Identity Formation in the Open Media Space.” In The Challenge of the Russian Minority, edited by Lauristin, Marju and Heidmets, Mati. Tartu: Tartu University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
“On the Perspectives of Identity Formation among Estonian Russians.” In The Challenge of Russian Minority, edited by Lauristin, Marju and Heidmets, Mati. Tartu: Tartu University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Vihalemm, Triin, and Masso, Anu. [Dynamics of Identities of Estonian Russians in the Period of Post-Soviet Transformation]. [Diasporas] 5, No. 2 (2003): 230–57.Google Scholar
Vihalemm, Triin, Masso, Anu and Vihalemm, Peeter. “Eesti kujunev keeleruum” [Formation of linguistic landscape of Estonia], In Eesti elavik 21, sajandi algul: uurimuse “Mina.Maailm. Meedia aruanne” [Estonian lifeworld in the beginning of the 21st century: Survey “Me.World. Media” Report], edited by Kalmus, Veronika, Lauristin, Marju and Pruulmann-Vengerfeldt, Pille. Tartu: Tartu University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Vihalemm, Triin, and Masso, Anu, “Identity Dynamics of Russian-Speakers of Estonia in the Transition Period”, Journal of Baltic Studies, 34 (2003): 92–116.Google Scholar
Vogt, Henri. Between Utopia and Disillusionment: A Narrative of the Political Transformation in Eastern Europe. New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2005.Google Scholar
Zhuryari-Ossipova, Olga. “The Criteria of Good Neighborhood versus Russia's Policy Protecting Diaspora in Estonia.” In Estonia and the European Union: In Search of Security, edited by Vares, Peeter. Tallinn: Institute of International and Social Studies, EuroUniversity, 1999.Google Scholar