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Spatial prediction of the variability of Early Pleistocene subsurface sediments in the Netherlands - Part 1: Heavy minerals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2016

D.J. Huisman ,
J.P. Weijers ,
L. Dijkshoorn  and
A. Veldkamp
D.J. Huisman
Affiliation:
Netherlands Institute of Applied Geoscience TNO (TNO-NITG), P.O. Box 80015, 3508 TA UTRECHT, the Netherlands; corresponding author; e-mail: H.Huisman@nitg.tno.nl
J.P. Weijers
Affiliation:
Heerlen Municipality, P.O. Box 36, 6430 AA HOENSBROEK, the Netherlands
L. Dijkshoorn
Affiliation:
TAUW B.V., P.O. Box 594, 6130 AN SITTARD, the Netherlands; e-mail: ldh@tauw.nl
A. Veldkamp
Affiliation:
Wageningen Agricultural University, Laboratory for Soil Science and Geology, P.O. Box 37, 6700 AA WAGENINGEN, the Netherlands; e-mail: tom.veldkamp@geomin.beng.wau.nl.
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Abstract

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We investigated the spatial variability of the heavy-mineral composition in the Early Pleistocene fluviatile Kedichem Formation in the Netherlands in order to meet the demand for more information about subsurface sediment composition. We first determined the spatial extension and thickness of the sediment body, then used Fuzzy clustering techniques on a database containing approx. 2000 heavy-mineral counts from the Kedichem Formation to map the spatial extension of the various sediment provenances within the formation. Three clusters could be discerned, one representing a combined Meuse-Scheldt source, the other two representing a mixed Rhine-Baltic source. We made slice maps at several depths through the formation, and plotted the cluster memberships.

The maps show an overall dominance of the Meuse-Scheldt source in the south of the Netherlands, whereas the Rhine-Baltic source occurs mainly in the central Netherlands. The methods employed show that it is possible to map and study the 3-D variation in heavy-mineral composition and hence sediment provenance in the Dutch subsurface with the use of simple statistical and visualization techniques.

Keywords

heavy mineralsmappingprovenancesedimentsubsurface
Type
Research Article
Information
Netherlands Journal of Geosciences , Volume 79 , Special Issue 4: Geochemical mapping in the Kingdom of the Netherlands , December 2000 , pp. 373 - 380
Copyright
Copyright © Stichting Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 2000

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