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Neuronal soma–satellite glial cell interactions in sensory ganglia and the participation of purinergic receptors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2010

Yanping Gu ,
Yong Chen ,
Xiaofei Zhang ,
Guang-Wen Li ,
Congying Wang  and
Li-Yen Mae Huang
Yanping Gu
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
Yong Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
Xiaofei Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Childhood and Neglected Diseases, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
Guang-Wen Li
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
Congying Wang
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
Li-Yen Mae Huang*
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Li-Yen Mae Huang, Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555-1069, USAphone:409-772-6555email:LmHuang@utmb.edu
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Abstract

It has been known for some time that the somata of neurons in sensory ganglia respond to electrical or chemical stimulation and release transmitters in a Ca2+-dependent manner. The function of the somatic release has not been well delineated. A unique characteristic of the ganglia is that each neuronal soma is tightly enwrapped by satellite glial cells (SGCs). The somatic membrane of a sensory neuron rarely makes synaptic contact with another neuron. As a result, the influence of somatic release on the activity of adjacent neurons is likely to be indirect and/or slow. Recent studies of neuron–SGC interactions have demonstrated that ATP released from the somata of dorsal root ganglion neurons activates SGCs. They in turn exert complex excitatory and inhibitory modulation of neuronal activity. Thus, SGCs are actively involved in the processing of afferent information. In this review, we summarize our understanding of bidirectional communication between neuronal somata and SGCs in sensory ganglia and its possible role in afferent signaling under normal and injurious conditions. The participation of purinergic receptors is emphasized because of their dominant roles in the communication.

Keywords

Somatic ATP releaseP2X7 receptorcytokine releasedorsal root gangliapathological nociception
Type
Research Article
Information
Neuron Glia Biology , Volume 6 , Special Issue 1: Satellite Glial Cells , February 2010 , pp. 53 - 62
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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