Polyphosphates in the red macroalga Chondrus crispus (Rhodophyceae)

Abstract

Plants of Chondrus crispus Stackhouse, collected from mid-littoral tidepools, were treated as follows. Some plants were kept for a few weeks under controlled starvation conditions in order to decrease their initial content of total tissue phosphorus, then incubated for up to 48 h in phosphorus (15 μM) and nitrogen (25 μM) enriched sea water. Other plants were directly incubated in enriched sea water. Chemical analyses showed that the total phosphorus content of fresh and starved plants remained stable, reflecting the nutritional status of the plants. The predominant acid-soluble phosphate fraction was larger in fresh than in starved plants. The content of acid-soluble polyphosphates, similar in both types of plants at the beginning of the experiment, doubled in starved plants, and increased by a factor of 2·7 in fresh plants, over 48 h. The content of acid-insoluble polyphosphates was lower than that of acid-soluble polyphosphates.

Transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis confirmed the presence, mostly in medullary cells, of acid-insoluble polyphosphates in the form of cytoplasmic granules and precipitates along the plasmalemma, particularly near pit plugs. This is the first report of such phosphorus storage structures in a red macroalgal species.