Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T07:31:02.719Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Life-history and the evolution of ontogeny in the ostracode genus Cyprideis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 April 2016

Peter N. Schweitzer  and
G. P. Lohmann
Peter N. Schweitzer
Affiliation:
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution/Massachusetts Institute of Technology Joint Program in Oceanography, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
G. P. Lohmann
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A large body of paleontological literature concerns the importance of ontogeny as a source of morphological variation for evolution; morphologies that appear during one stage of an organism's development are made available for use in another simply by modifying the developmental program. Paleontologists need to know why this occurs, so they can study the process of evolution in extinct animals and so they can discuss the fossil record in terms that are applicable to modern forms. If most cases of heterochrony can be attributed to life-history evolution then the fossil record provides evidence of the nature of selection (in particular the age-specific mortality) that extinct animals experienced. The hypothesis of interest here is that species in which maturity is accelerated will also show generalized morphology and small size, while those with delayed maturity will have more specialized morphology and large size.

Four species of the ostracode genus Cyprideis were studied to determine whether differences in age at maturity are correlated with heterochrony in the expected manner. For each species the changes in size and shape through geological time were evaluated in the statistical context of modern geographic and seasonal variation. Living populations were sampled regularly to detect differences in seasonality and to estimate the duration of development.

Evolution of ontogeny is apparent at the level of species in this group, but it is not simply related to differences in life-history. In comparisons among species, we find evidence of heterochrony where there is no difference in the age at maturity, and a difference in age at maturity where there is no heterochrony. Similarly, three of the four species show the expected positive correlation between size and age at maturity, yet the fourth species is relatively large and matures rapidly. Cyprideis does not support the generalization that life-history evolution causes heterochrony, and casts doubt on the inference of life-history evolution from heterochrony where the data are drawn exclusively from extinct forms.

Type
Articles
Information
Paleobiology , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , Spring 1990 , pp. 107 - 125
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Alberch, P., Gould, S. J., Oster, G. F., and Wake, D. B. 1979. Size and shape in ontogeny and phylogeny. Paleobiology 5:296–317.Google Scholar
Blackstone, N. W. 1986. Relative growth and specific growth rates in crustaceans. Growth 50:118–127.Google Scholar
Blackstone, N. W. 1987. Allometry and relative growth: pattern and process in evolutionary studies. Systematic Zoology 36:76–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bodergat, A. M. 1983. Les ostracodes, témoins de leur environment: approche chimique et écologie en milieu lagunaire et océanique. Documents du Laboratoire Géologique de Lyon 88.Google Scholar
Bold, W. A. van den. 1963. Upper Miocene and Pliocene Ostracoda of Trinidad. Micropaleontology 9:361–424.Google Scholar
Bold, W. A. van den. 1976. Distribution of species of the tribe Cyprideidini (Ostracoda, Cytherideidae) in the Neogene of the Caribbean. Micropaleontology 22:1–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bookstein, F. L. 1978. The Measurement of Biological Shape and Shape Change. Springer-Verlag; Berlin.Google Scholar
Bookstein, F. L., Chernoff, B., Elder, R. L., Humphries, J. M., Smith, G. R., and Strauss, R. E. 1985. Morphometrics in Evolutionary Biology. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Special Publication 15.Google Scholar
Cronin, T. M. 1979. Late Pleistocene marginal marine ostracodes from the southeastern Atlantic coastal plain and their paleoenvironmental implications. Geographie Physique du Quaternaire 33:121–173.Google Scholar
Cronin, T. M., Bybell, L. M., Poore, R. Z., Blackwelder, B. W., Liddicoat, J. C., and Hazel, J. E. 1984. Age and correlation of emerged Pliocene and Pleistocene deposits, U.S. Atlantic coastal plain. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 47:21–51.Google Scholar
Dodson, S. I. 1974. Adaptive change in plankton morphology in response to size-selective predation: a new hypothesis of cyclomorphism. Limnology and Oceanograpy 19:721–729.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, R. A. 1944. Ostracoda from the Duplin Marl (Upper Miocene) of North Carolina. Journal of Paleontology 18:505–528.Google Scholar
Fink, W. L. 1982. The conceptual relationship between ontogeny and phylogeny. Paleobiology 8:254–264.Google Scholar
Garbett, E. C., and Maddocks, R. F. 1979. Zoogeography of Holocene Cytheracean ostracodes in the bays of Texas. Journal of Paleontology 53:841–919.Google Scholar
Gould, S. J. 1977. Ontogeny and Phylogeny. Belknap Press; Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
Grossman, S., and Benson, R. H. 1967. Ecology of Rhizopodea and Ostracoda of southern Pamlico Sound region, North Carolina. University of Kansas Paleontological Contribution 44.Google Scholar
Gutentag, E. D., and Benson, R. H. 1962. Neogene (Plio-Pleistocene) freshwater ostracodes from the Central High Plains. Kansas State Geological Survey Bulletin 157.Google Scholar
Heip, C. 1976a. The spatial pattern of Cyprideis torosa (Jones, 1850) (Crustacea, Ostracoda). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 56:179–189.Google Scholar
Heip, C. 1976b. The life-cycle of Cyprideis torosa (Crustacea, Ostracoda). Oecologia 24:229–245.Google Scholar
Herman, P. M. J., and Heip, C. 1982. Growth and respiration of Cyprideis torosa Jones 1850 (Crustacea, Ostracoda). Oecologia 54:300–303.Google Scholar
Herman, P. M. J., Heip, C., and Vranken, G. 1983. The production of Cyprideis torosa Jones 1850 (Crustacea, Ostracoda). Oecologia 58:326–331.Google Scholar
Horne, D. J. 1980. Life-cycles of podocopid Ostracoda—a review (with particular reference to marine and brackish-water species). Pp. 581–590. In Maddocks, R. F. (ed.), Applications of Ostracoda. University of Houston Geosciences; Houston, Texas.Google Scholar
Jones, D. S. 1986. Sclerochronology and the size versus time problem in heterochronic analysis. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs 18:649.Google Scholar
Kesling, R. V. 1951. The morphology of ostracod molt stages. Illinois Biological Monographs 21.Google Scholar
King, C. E., and Kornicker, L. S. 1970. Ostracoda in Texas bays and lagoons: an ecologic study. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 24.Google Scholar
Kontrovitz, M., and Bitter, R. 1976. Holocene ostracoda from the Shrewsbury River, New Jersey. Micropaleontology 22:72–82.Google Scholar
Latifa, G. A. 1987. Effect of temperature on the development of embryonic and postembryonic stages of Heterocypris incongruens (Ramdohr, 1808) (Ostracoda). Crustaceana 52:95–100.Google Scholar
Lister, K. H. 1975. Quaternary freshwater ostracoda from the Great Salt Lake basin, Utah. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions Paper 78.Google Scholar
Lohmann, G. P. 1983. Eigenshape analysis of microfossils: A general morphometric procedure for describing changes in shape. Mathematical Geology 15:659–672.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lohmann, G. P., and Schweitzer, P. N.In press. On eigenshape analysis. Proceedings of the workshop on Morphometrics in Systematic Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
McKinney, M. L. 1986. Ecological causation of heterochrony: a test and implications for evolutionary theory. Paleobiology 12:282–289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNamara, K. J. 1986. A guide to the nomenclature of heterochrony. Journal of Paleontology 60:4–13.Google Scholar
Martens, K. 1985. Effects of temperature and salinity on postembryonic growth in Mytilocypris henricae (Chapman) (Crustacea, Ostracoda). Journal of Crustacean Biology 5:258–272.Google Scholar
Reyment, R. A. 1983. Phenotypic evolution in microfossils. Pp. 209–254. In Kecner, M. K., Wallace, B., and Prance, C. T. (eds.), Evolutionary Biology 16. Plenum; New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandberg, P. A. 1964. The ostracod genus Cyprideis in the Americas. Stockholm Contributions in Geology 12:1–176.Google Scholar
Sandberg, P. A. and Plusquellec, P. L. 1974. Notes on the anatomy and passive dispersal of Cyprideis (Cytheracea, Ostracoda). Geoscience and Man 6:1–26.Google Scholar
Schweitzer, P. N. 1990. Inference of ecology from the ontogeny of microfossils. Ph.D. thesis, MIT/WHOI, WHOI-90-04.Google Scholar
Schweitzer, P. N., Kaesler, R. L., and Lohmann, G. P. 1986. Ontogeny and heterochrony in the ostracode Cavellina Coryell from Lower Permian rocks in Kansas. Paleobiology 12:290–301.Google Scholar
Stearns, S. C. 1976. Life-history tactics: a review of the ideas. Quarterly Review of Biology 51:3–47.Google Scholar
Stearns, S. C. 1977. The evolution of life-history traits: a critique of the theory and a review of the data. Annual Reviews of Ecology and Systematics 8:145–171.Google Scholar
Stearns, S. C. 1980. A new view of life-history evolution. Oikos 35:266–281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stearns, S. C. 1981. The role of development in the evolution of life-histories. Pp. 237–258. In Bonner, J. T. (ed.), Evolution and Development. Springer-Verlag; Berlin.Google Scholar
Stearns, S. C. 1983. The impact of size and phylogeny on patterns of covariation in the life-history traits of mammals. Oikos 41:173–187.Google Scholar
Stearns, S. C. 1984. The effects of size and phylogeny on patterns of covariation in the life-history traits of lizards and snakes. American Naturalist 123:56–72.Google Scholar
Strauss, R. E. 1987. On allometry and relative growth in evolutionary studies. Systematic Zoology 36:72–75.Google Scholar
Theisen, B. F. 1966. The life history of seven species of ostracodes from a Danish brackish water locality. Meddelelser fra Danmarks Fiskeriog Havunders⊘gelser 4:215–270.Google Scholar
Tressler, W. L., and Smith, E. M. 1948. An ecological study of seasonal distribution of Ostracoda, Solomons Island, Maryland region. Publications, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory 71:1–61.Google Scholar
Vesper, B. 1972. Zur Morphologie und Okologie von Cyprideis torosa (Jones, 1850) (Crustacea, Ostracoda) unter besonderer Berucksichtigung seiner Biometrie. Mitteilungen Hamburg Zoologische Museum Institut 68:21–77.Google Scholar
Wiley, E. O. 1981. Phylogenetics, the Theory and Practice of Phylogenetic Systematics. Wiley-Interscience; New York.Google Scholar
Zahn, C. T., and Roskies, R. Z. 1972. Fourier descriptors for plane closed curves. IEEE Transactions on Computers C-121:269–281.Google Scholar