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Sources of variation in extinction rates, turnover, and diversity of marine invertebrate families during the Paleozoic

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 April 2016

James D. Nichols ,
Richard W. Morris ,
Cavell Brownie  and
Kenneth H. Pollock
James D. Nichols
Affiliation:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Maryland 20708
Richard W. Morris
Affiliation:
North Carolina State University, Department of Statistics, Box 8203, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8203
Cavell Brownie
Affiliation:
North Carolina State University, Department of Statistics, Box 8203, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8203
Kenneth H. Pollock
Affiliation:
North Carolina State University, Department of Statistics, Box 8203, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8203
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Abstract

We have recently shown how capture-recapture models can be used in conjunction with stratigraphic range data to estimate taxonomic extinction rates and taxonomic diversity. Here we present a new method that can be used to estimate taxonomic turnover (defined here as the proportion of taxa extant at time i, that originated in the interval i – 1 to i). We used these methods in conjunction with stratigraphic range data for families in five phyla of Paleozoic marine invertebrates. We estimated fossil encounter probabilities, extinction rates, diversity, and turnover and used these estimates to test hypotheses about variation among phyla and geologic series. Encounter probabilities varied among taxa and showed evidence of a decrease over time for the geologic series examined. The number of families varied substantially among the five phyla and showed some evidence of an increase over the series examined. There was no evidence of variation in extinction probabilities among the phyla. Although there was evidence of temporal variation in extinction probabilities within phyla, there was no evidence of a linear decrease in extinction probabilities over time, as has been reported by others. We did find evidence of high extinction probabilities for the two intervals that had been identified by others as periods of mass extinction. We found no evidence of variation in turnover among the five phyla. There was evidence of temporal variation in turnover, with greater turnover occurring in the older series.

Type
Articles
Information
Paleobiology , Volume 12 , Issue 4 , Fall 1986 , pp. 421 - 432
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

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