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Development of a German version of the Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool (CSNAT): The process of translation and cultural adaptation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2019

Christiane Kreyer Open the ORCID record for Christiane Kreyer [Opens in a new window] ,
Johannes Bükki  and
Sabine Pleschberger
Christiane Kreyer*
Affiliation:
Department of Nursing Science and Gerontology, UMIT — Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
Johannes Bükki
Affiliation:
Department of Palliative Care, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
Sabine Pleschberger
Affiliation:
GÖG — The Austrian Public Health Institute, Vienna, Austria
*
Author for correspondence: Christiane Kreyer, Department of Nursing Science and Gerontology, UMIT – Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology Eduard-Wallnöfer-Zentrum 1, 6060 Hall in Tirol, Austria. E-mail: christiane.kreyer@umit.at
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Abstract

Objective

The Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool (CSNAT) was developed in the UK and has been shown to be effective to assess and address support needs of family carers of terminally ill patients at home. In German language, there is a lack of an evidence-based comprehensive assessment tool for family carers in palliative home care. The objectives of this study were to translate and develop a culturally adapted version of the CSNAT for a German-speaking context including the assessment of feasibility, face, and content validity.

Method

A translation and validation study was conducted in three steps: (1) translation of CSNAT following International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research criteria; (2) cognitive testing in five German-speaking regions in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland with 15 family carers; and (3) pilot testing in palliative home care services. Evaluation was by telephone interviews with those involved in the assessments (family carers, health care professionals) and a focus group discussion with the health care professionals. Data were analyzed using content analysis.

Results

The regional idiomatic variety raised challenges in the process of translation. Cognitive testing revealed semantic, conceptual, syntactic, and idiomatic issues. During the pilot, 25 assessment conversations were held. Carers reported that the German version called “KOMMA” was brief, easy to understand and to complete, and helpful. They appreciated that the items adequately addressed their support needs and reminded them of their own strengths and resources. Health care professionals observed good acceptance by carers, the expression of unexpected patterns of needs, and extensive assessment conversations, but some raised concerns that the assessment process might shift attention to carers’ needs at the cost of the patients.

Significance of results

A multi-step process of translation, cognitive testing, and pilot testing led to a culturally well-acceptable German tool (KOMMA). Comprehensibility, acceptance, face, and content validity, as well as feasibility were demonstrated.

Keywords

Carer Support Needs Assessment ToolFamily caregivingKOMMA-Kommunikation mit AngehörigenPalliative home careSupport needs
Type
Original Article
Information
Palliative & Supportive Care , Volume 18 , Issue 2 , April 2020 , pp. 193 - 198
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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