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Validation of the Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS) and development of the Brief-MSCS among hospice and healthcare professionals: a confirmatory factor analysis approach to validation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2019

Jason T. Hotchkiss Open the ORCID record for Jason T. Hotchkiss [Opens in a new window]  and
Catherine P. Cook-Cottone
Jason T. Hotchkiss*
Affiliation:
VITAS Healthcare, Cornerstone University, Walnut Creek, CA
Catherine P. Cook-Cottone
Affiliation:
University at Buffalo, State University of New York
*
Author for correspondence: Jason T. Hotchkiss, EdD, MDiv, 355 Lennon Lane, VITAS Healthcare, Cornerstone University, Walnut Creek, CA 94598. E-mail: jason.hotchkiss@cornerstone.edu
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Abstract

Objective

In the emotionally intense field of healthcare, the ability to peacefully inhabit one's body, maintain good boundaries, and be fully present during care is essential. This study aimed to validate the recently developed Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS) among hospice and healthcare professionals and develop a brief version of the 33-item MSCS.

Method

A sample of hospice and healthcare professionals from all 50 states (n = 858) was used. A confirmatory factor analysis was run using a rigorous methodology for validation and item reduction to develop a brief version of the 33-item MSCS. The brief MSCS (B-MSCS) was developed by identifying items for exclusion through examination of conceptual overlap, descriptive statistics by detecting sources of improvement model fit using confirmatory factor analysis. Model modifications were done sequentially and with regard to theoretical considerations.

Result

The existing model, 33-item MSCS with six subscales, had good fit to the data with all indicators in acceptable ranges (chi-square/df = 3.08, df (480), p < 0.01, root mean square error of approximation = 0.059, comparative fit index = 0.915, Tucker and Lewis's index of fit = 0.907). Nine items were excluded on the basis of very low loadings and conceptual and empirical overlap with other items.

Significance of results

The final 24-item, B-MSCS model was consistent with the original conceptual model and had a closer fit to the data (chi-square/df = 1.85, df (215), p < 0.01, root mean square error of approximation = 0.041, comparative fit index = 0.961, Tucker and Lewis's index of fit = 0.955). In addition, the reliability, construct, and concurrent validity of the MSCS and B-MSCS were in the acceptable and good ranges, respectively. Mean and standard deviation of the MSCS and B-MSCS scores were similar; B-MSCS mean scores well approximated the MSCS scores. Informal mindful self-care, in the process of everyday life, was practiced more regularly and associated with increased wellness and reduced burnout risk than formal mind-body practices.

Keywords

MindfulnessSelf-careBurnoutCompassion satisfactionHealthcareHospice
Type
Original Article
Information
Palliative & Supportive Care , Volume 17 , Issue 6 , December 2019 , pp. 628 - 636
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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