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The Cave of Manaccora, Monte Gargano. Part II: the Contents of the Three Archaeological Strata

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 August 2013

Elise J. Baumgartel
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Extract

Stratum III occurred in the Triangle, the two St trenches, in the Annexe, in the Funerary Cleft, and in the entrance of the main cavern. In the back of the main cavern it began at a depth of about 1·25 m. below the surface, and had an average depth of about 1.25 m., which is as extensive as stratum II and I together. In the Annexe it continued to 4·50 m. In the main cavern, stratum III was a compact mixture of sherds with lightly coloured soil, mostly sand, ashes, and disintegrated limestone. Among the very numerous sherds we found some handmills, bone tools, spindle whorls, and loom-weights, but only one formless piece of metal, apart from what was buried with the dead, though there were plenty of whetstones. The only recognisable features among this amorphous mass were the hearths. They had been built of clay, which must have come from somewhere outside the cavern, laid carefully over a layer of pebbles. This indicates that they were not used merely once to serve a casual need, and confirms the use of Manaccora as a dwelling place. Several hearths existed at the same time, which makes it likely that more than one family made use of the cavern. That would account for the quantity of material found, and would be in keeping with modern usage of Monte Gargano, where to live in a cave is still quite common. A smaller cave adjoining Manaccora was inhabited during our excavation.

Type
Research Article
Information
Papers of the British School at Rome , Volume 21 , November 1953 , pp. 1 - 31
Copyright
Copyright © British School at Rome 1953

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References

1 Baumgartel, Elise J., ‘The Cave of Manaccora, Monte Gargano, Part I: the Site’, Papers of the British School at Rome xix, 1951, pp. 23–38CrossRefGoogle Scholar. In addition to the persons there named, I have to thank Mr. W. Llewellyn Brown for his generous assistance in preparing the present article for publication.

2 Mosso, A., ‘Coppa Nevigata’, Mon. Lincei xix, 1909, pp. 305 ffGoogle Scholar.

3 M. Mayer, Apulien, 1914, pp. 29 ff.

4 von Duhn, F., ‘Coppa Nevigata’, in Ebert, Reallexikon der Vorgeschichte ii, pp. 322 ffGoogle Scholar.

5 Bull. Paletn. Ital. liv, 1934, p. 55Google Scholar, note 2.

6 Rellini, U., ‘Piramidette Fittili’, Bull. Paletn. Ital. liv, 1934 pp. 178 ffGoogle Scholar.

7 Baumgartel, E., ‘Second Roapporto sul Gargano’, Bull. Paletn. Ital. lvi, pl. XGoogle Scholar.

8 Baumgartel, E., ‘Secondo Rapporto sul Gargano’, Bull. Paletn. Ital. lvi, pl. XII, 6Google Scholar.

9 Ibid., pl. XII, 2.

10 Baumgartel, E., ‘Secondo Rapporto sul Gargano’, Bull. Paietn. Ital. lvi, pl. XII, 5Google Scholar.

11 I do not know of any publication of the finds from Zaton, nor do I know whether the material at Zara survived the war. The photographs I took still exist.

12 It was given to the Berlin Prehistoric Museum.

13 Bull. Paletn. Ital. liv, pl. VIII, 1.

14 Cemeteries with Apulian pottery still await excavation on Monte Gargano. One was discovered by Professor Rellini in the valley below Peschici, where the little railway has its terminus.

15 It was given to the Berlin Prehistoric Museum.

16 Puglisi, S. M., ‘Le culture dei capannicoli sul promontorio Gargano’, Atti della Accad. Naz. dei Lined, Memorie ser. 8, ii, 1950Google Scholar.

17 Prof, van Giffen, to whom I showed ray photographs, was reminded of the swords he excavated at Toscek in Hungary.

18 Rellini, U., ‘Per lo studio delle spade di bronzo’, Bull. Paletn. Ital. xlvi, 1926, p. 90Google Scholar.