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Amodiaquine–Ciprofloxacin: a potential combination therapy against drug resistant malaria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 March 2015

Y. F. FALAJIKI ,
O. AKINOLA ,
O. O. ABIODUN ,
C. T. HAPPI ,
A. SOWUNMI  and
G. O. GBOTOSHO
Y. F. FALAJIKI
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Malaria Research Laboratories, Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
O. AKINOLA
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Malaria Research Laboratories, Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
O. O. ABIODUN
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Malaria Research Laboratories, Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
C. T. HAPPI
Affiliation:
Malaria Research Laboratories, Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer University of Nigeria, Mowe, Ogun state, Nigeria
A. SOWUNMI
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Malaria Research Laboratories, Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
G. O. GBOTOSHO*
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Malaria Research Laboratories, Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
*
* Correspondence author. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: solagbotosho@yahoo.co.uk
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Summary

Emergence of malaria parasites resistant to artemisinin necessitates the need for development of new antimalarial therapies. Ciprofloxacin (CFX) a second generation quinolone antibiotic possesses some antimalarial activities. We investigated the in vivo antimalarial activities of CFX in combination with amodiaquine in mice infected with chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Animals were treated orally with 80 or 160 mg kg−1 body weight of CFX alone given twice daily or in combination with amodiaquine (AQ) 10 mg kg−1 body weight. Parasitological activity and survival of the animals were assessed over 21 days. Peak parasitaemia in the untreated control group was 72·51%. Treatment with AQ alone resulted in clearance of parasitaemia by day 4 while treatment with CFX 80 and 160 mg kg−1 alone suppressed parasitaemia by 13·94–54·64% and 35·6–92·7%, respectively. However, the combination of CFX with AQ significantly enhanced response of infection in the animals to treatment (P < 0·05) resulting in complete resolution of parasitaemia throughout follow up period with CFX 160 mg kg−1, delayed recrudescence time with CFX 80 mg kg−1 and significant increase in survival rate of the animals. The results demonstrate beneficial interaction between AQ and CFX which may provide a clinically relevant antimalarial/antibiotic therapeutic option in the management of malaria.

Keywords

MalariaPlasmodium bergheiamodiaquine-ciprofloxacindrug combinations
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 142 , Issue 6 , May 2015 , pp. 849 - 854
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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