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Characterization of tabanid flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) in South Africa and Zambia and detection of protozoan parasites they are harbouring

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2017

MOETI O. TAIOE ,
MAKHOSAZANA Y. MOTLOANG ,
BONIFACE NAMANGALA ,
AMOS CHOTA ,
NTHATISI I. MOLEFE ,
SIMON P. MUSINGUZI ,
KEISUKE SUGANUMA ,
POLLY HAYES ,
TOI J. TSILO  and
JOHN CHAINEY
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MOETI O. TAIOE
Affiliation:
Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
MAKHOSAZANA Y. MOTLOANG
Affiliation:
Parasites, Vectors and Vector-borne Diseases, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Private Bag X05, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
BONIFACE NAMANGALA
Affiliation:
Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
AMOS CHOTA
Affiliation:
Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
NTHATISI I. MOLEFE
Affiliation:
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
SIMON P. MUSINGUZI
Affiliation:
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
KEISUKE SUGANUMA
Affiliation:
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
POLLY HAYES
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
TOI J. TSILO
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Council–Small Grain Institute, Bethlehem 9700, Free State, South Africa
JOHN CHAINEY
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, London, UK
NOBORU INOUE
Affiliation:
Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
ORIEL M. M. THEKISOE*
Affiliation:
Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
*
*Corresponding author: Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North West University – Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa. E-mail: oriel.thekisoe@nwu.ac.za
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Summary

Tabanids are haematophagous flies feeding on livestock and wildlife. In the absence of information on the relationship of tabanid flies and protozoan parasites in South Africa and Zambia, the current study was aimed at characterizing tabanid flies collected in these two countries as well as detecting protozoan parasites they are harbouring. A total of 527 tabanid flies were collected whereby 70·2% were from South Africa and 29·8% were from Zambia. Morphological analysis revealed a total of five different genera collected from the sampled areas namely: Ancala, Atylotus, Haematopota, Philoliche and Tabanus. DNA extracted from South African Tabanus par and Tabanus taeniola tested positive for the presence of Trypanosoma congolense (Savannah) and Trypanosoma theileri whilst one member from T. par was positive for Trypanosoma brucei species. DNA extracted from Zambian tabanid flies tested positive for the presence of Besnoitia species at 1·27% (2/157), Babesia bigemina 5·73% (9/157), Theileria parva 30·11% (30/157) and 9·82% (14/157) for Trypanosoma evansi. This study is the first to report on relationship of Babesia and Theileria parasites with tabanid flies. Further investigations are required to determine the role of tabanids in transmission of the detected protozoan parasites in livestock and wildlife in South Africa and Zambia.

Keywords

Horse fliestabanidsBabesia bigeminaBesnoitia spp.Theileria parvaTrypanosoma species
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 144 , Issue 9 , August 2017 , pp. 1162 - 1178
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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