Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T09:25:38.516Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The contribution of Ascaris lumbricoides to malnutrition in children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Lani S. Stephenson
Affiliation:
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853

Summary

There is a need for more applied and experimental research to determine more precisely the relationships between nutrition, particularly childhood malnutrition, and intestinal parasitic infections, particularly Ascaris infection. Nevertheless, it is clear that in certain communities Ascaris infection is associated with poor growth in malnourished children and that deworming improves growth. Periodic deworming of children using a mass treatment approach may be needed to control soil-transmitted helminths in areas where parasites and protein energy malnutrition are highly prevalent. The main aims of treatment should be to reduce parasite loads below the level of clinical significance for the individual child and to reduce future environmental contamination with infective faeces for the sake of the community.

Type
Trends and Perspectives
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1980

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arfaa, F., Sahba, G. H., Farahmandian, I., & Jalali, H., (1977). Evaluation of the effect of different methods of control of soil-transmitted helminths in Khuzestan, Southwest Iran. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 26, 230–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Batte, G., (1974). Advances in swine parasitology 1973. In Proceedings of 22nd Annual Pfizer Research Conference. Chicago.Google Scholar
Bray, B., (1953). Nitrogen metabolism in West African children. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 7, 313.Google ScholarPubMed
de Silva, C. C., (1957). Tropical ascariasis. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 3, 6273.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freij, L., Meeuwisse, G. W., Berg, N. O., Wall, S., & Gebre-Medhin, M., (1979). Ascariasis and malnutrition. A study in urban Ethiopian children. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 32, 1545–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gilles, H. M., (1976). Diseases of the alimentary system. Treatment of intestinal worms. British Medical Journal 2, 1314–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gupta, M. C., Mithal, S., Arara, K. L., & Tandon, B. N., (1977). Effects of periodic deworming on nutritional status of Ascaris-infected pre-school children receiving supplementary food. Lancet 3, 108–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jelliffe, D. B., (1953). Ascaris lumbricoides and malnutrition in tropical children. Documenta de Medicina Geographica et Tropica 5, 314–20.Google ScholarPubMed
Layrisse, R., & Vargas, A., (1975). Nutrition and intestinal parasitic infection. Progress in Food and Nutrition Science 1, 645.Google ScholarPubMed
Mahalanabis, D., Jalan, K. N., Maitra, T. K., & Agarwal, S. K., (1976). Vitamin A absorption in ascariasis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 29, 1372–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mahalanabis, D., Simpson, T. W., Chakraborty, M. L., Ganguli, C., Bhattacharjee, A. K., & Mukherjee, K. L., (1979). Malabsorption of water miscible vitamin A in children with giardiasis and ascariasis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 32, 313–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nesheim, M. C., & Forsum, E., (1980). The influence of Ascaris suum on protein utilization of malnourished pigs. Federation Proceedings 39, 888.Google Scholar
Pawlowski, Z. S., (1978). Ascariasis. Climes in Gastroenterology 7(1), 157–78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peters, W., & Gilles, H. M., (1977). A Color Atlas of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology. London: Wolfe Medical Publications Ltd.Google Scholar
Rowe, D., (1976). In Tropical Diseases (pamphlet), pp. 4–7. World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.Google Scholar
Sivakumar, B., & Reddy, V., (1975). Absorption of vitamin A in children with ascariasis. Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 78, 114–15.Google ScholarPubMed
Spindler, L. A., (1947). The effect of experimental infections with ascarids on the growth of pigs. Helminthological Society of Washington, Proceedings 14(2), 5863.Google ScholarPubMed
Stephenson, L. S., (1980). Nutritional and economic implications of soil-transmitted helminths with special reference to ascariasis. In Clinical Disorders in Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (ed. Lifshitz, F.), New York: Marcell Dekker, (in the Press).Google Scholar
Stephenson, L. S., Crompton, D. W. T., Latham, M. C., Schulpen, T. W. J., Nesheim, M. C., & Jansen, A. A. J., (1980 b). Relationships between Ascaris infection and growth of malnourished pre-school children in Kenya. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 33, (in the Press).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stephenson, L. S., Georgi, J. R., & Cleveland, D. J., (1977). Infection of weanling pigs with known numbers of Ascaris suum fourth stage larvae. Cornell Veterinarian 67, 92102.Google ScholarPubMed
Stephenson, L. S., Latham, M. C., Crompton, D. W. T., SchuLpen, T. W. J., & Jansen, A. A. J., (1979). Nutritional status and stool examinations for parasites in Kenyan preschool children in Machakos District. East African Medical Journal 56, 19.Google ScholarPubMed
Stephenson, L. S., Pond, W. G., Nesheim, M. C., Krook, L. P., & Crompton, D. W. T., (1980 a). Ascaris suum: nutrient absorption, growth, and intestinal pathology in young pigs experimentally infected with 15 day old larvae. Experimental Parasitology 49, 1525.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stewart, T. B., Johnson, J. C., & Hale, O. M., (1972). Effects of pyrantel HCl and dietary protein on growing pigs infected in different sequences with Strongyloides ransomi, Ascaris suum, and Oesophagostomum spp. Journal of Animal Science 35, 561–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teotia, S. P. S., Teotia, M., Kunwar, K. B., & Misra, S. S., (1969). Fat malabsorption in intestinal parasitic infections. Journal of the Indian Medical Association 53, 577–82.Google Scholar
Tripathy, K., Gonzalez, F., Lotero, H, & Bolanos, O., (1971). Effects of Ascaris infection on human nutrition. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 20, 212–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tripathy, K., Duque, E., Bolaños, O., Lotero, H., & Mayoral, L. G., (1972). Malabsorption syndrome in ascariasis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 25, 1276–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Venkatachalam, P. S., & Patwardhan, V. N., (1953). The role of Ascaris lumbricoidesin the nutrition of the host: effects of ascariasis on digestion of protein. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 47, 169–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willett, W. C., Kilama, W. L., & Kihamia, C. M., (1979). Ascaris and growth rates: a randomized trial of treatment. American Journal of Public Health 69, 987–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woodruff, A. W., (1978). Pathogenicity of intestinal helminthic infections. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 59, 585.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Health Organization (1967). Control of ascariasis. Report of a World Health Organization Expert Committee. WHO Technical Report Series no. 379.Google Scholar
World Health Organization (1965). Nutrition and infection. Report of a World Health Organization Expert Committee. WHO Technical Report Series no. 314.Google Scholar
World Health Organization (1969). Selected helminthic infections-results of surveys 1963–1968. WHO Statistics Report pp. 510–26.Google Scholar
Zimmerman, D. R., Speer, V. C., Zimmerman, W., & Switzer, W. P., (1971). Effect of pyrantel salts on Ascaris suum infection in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 32, 874–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zimmerman, D. R., Spear, M. L., & Switzer, W. P., (1973). Effects of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection, pyrantel treatment and protein nutrition on performance of pigs exposed to soil containing Ascaris suum ova. Journal of Animal Science 36, 894–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed