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Fish tapeworms (Cestoda) in the molecular era: achievements, gaps and prospects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 August 2022

Tomáš Scholz Open the ORCID record for Tomáš Scholz [Opens in a new window]  and
Roman Kuchta
Tomáš Scholz*
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
Roman Kuchta
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
*
Author for correspondence: Tomáš Scholz, E-mail: tscholz@paru.cas.cz
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Abstract

The tapeworms of fishes (Chondrichthyes and Actinopterygii) account one-third (1670 from around 5000) of the total tapeworm (Platyhelminthes: Cestoda) species diversity. In total 1186 species from 9 orders occur as adults in elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and chimaeras), and 484 species from 8 orders mature in ray-finned fishes (referred to here as teleosts). Teleost tapeworms are dominated by freshwater species (78%), but only 3% of elasmobranch tapeworms are known from freshwater rays of South America and Asia (Borneo). In the last 2 decades, vast progress has been made in understanding species diversity, host associations and interrelationships among fish tapeworms. In total, 172 new species have been described since 2017 (149 from elasmobranchs and 23 from teleosts; invalidly described taxa are not included, especially those from the Oriental region). Molecular data, however, largely limited to a few molecular markers (mainly 28S rDNA, but also 18S and cox1), are available for about 40% of fish tapeworm species. They allowed us to significantly improve our understanding of their interrelationships, including proposals of a new, more natural classification at the higher-taxonomy level (orders and families) as well as at the lower-taxonomy level (genera). In this review, we summarize the main advances and provide perspectives for future research.

Keywords

DistributionDNA sequencingelasmobranchshost associationspathogensphylogenetic relationshipsray-finned fishspecies diversitytaxonomy
Type
Review Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 149 , Special Issue 14: Fish Parasitology , December 2022 , pp. 1876 - 1893
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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