Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T23:35:20.260Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

In vitro activity of the F-6 fraction of oregano against Giardia intestinalis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 February 2012

YADIRA RUFINO-GONZÁLEZ ,
MARTHA PONCE-MACOTELA ,
ANGÉLICA GONZÁLEZ-MACIEL ,
RAFAEL REYNOSO-ROBLES ,
MANUEL JIMÉNEZ-ESTRADA ,
ÁNGELES SÁNCHEZ-CONTRERAS  and
MARIO N. MARTÍNEZ-GORDILLO
YADIRA RUFINO-GONZÁLEZ
Affiliation:
Parasitología experimental del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur no. 3700-C, C. P. 04530, México, D. F.,México
MARTHA PONCE-MACOTELA
Affiliation:
Parasitología experimental del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur no. 3700-C, C. P. 04530, México, D. F.,México
ANGÉLICA GONZÁLEZ-MACIEL
Affiliation:
Microscopia electrónica del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur no. 3700-C, C. P. 04530, México, D. F., México
RAFAEL REYNOSO-ROBLES
Affiliation:
Microscopia electrónica del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur no. 3700-C, C. P. 04530, México, D. F., México
MANUEL JIMÉNEZ-ESTRADA
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de la UNAM, Circuito exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, C. P. 04510, México, D. F., México
ÁNGELES SÁNCHEZ-CONTRERAS
Affiliation:
Unidad Sureste del Centro de Investigación y Asistencia Tecnológica en Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, AC, Calle 30 No. 151, C. P. 97070, Mérida, Yucatán, México
MARIO N. MARTÍNEZ-GORDILLO*
Affiliation:
Parasitología experimental del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur no. 3700-C, C. P. 04530, México, D. F.,México
*
*Corresponding author: Parasitología experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur No. 3700-C, Mexico, D. F. CP 04530, Mexico. Tel: +52 55 10840900 ext. 1454. Fax +52 55 1084 3884. E-mail marionmgordillo@yahoo.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Giardiosis is a neglected parasitic disease that produces diarrhoea and different degrees of malabsorption in humans and animals. Its treatment is based on derivatives of 5-nitroimidazoles, benzimidazoles, nitrofuranes, acridine and nitrotiazoles. These drugs produce undesirable secondary effects, ranging from a metallic taste in the mouth to genetic damage and the selection of resistant strains; therefore, it is necessary to develop new therapeutic alternatives. We demonstrated that a 2-h treatment with 2·87 μg ml−1 of fraction 6 of Lippia graveolens (F-6) was sufficient to kill half of an experimental Giardia intestinalis (Syn. G. duodenalis, G. lamblia) population, based on the reduction of MTT-tetrazolium salt levels. F-6 breaks the nuclear envelope and injures the ventral suckling disc. The major compounds of F-6 were characterized as naringenin, thymol, pinocembrin and traces of compounds not yet identified. The results suggest that Lippia is a potential source to obtain compounds with anti-Giardia activity. This knowledge is an important starting point to develop new anti-giardial drugs. Future studies will be required to establish the efficacy of F-6 in vivo using an animal model.

Keywords

Giardia intestinalisLippia extractsalternative treatmentsnaringeninultrastructure
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 139 , Issue 4 , April 2012 , pp. 434 - 440
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Adam, R. D. (2001). The biology of Giardia lamblia. Clinical Microbiology Review 14, 447–475.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arcila-Lozano, C. C., Loarca-Piña, G., Lecona-Uribe, S. and Mejía, E. G. (2004). Orégano: properties, composition and biological activity. Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición 54, 100–111.Google ScholarPubMed
Astiazarán-García, H., Espinosa-Cantellano, M., Castañón, G., Chávez-Munguía, V. and Martínez-Palomo, A. (2000). Giardia lamblia: effect of infection with symptomatic and asymptomatic isolates on the growth of gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). Experimental Parasitology 95, 128–135.Google Scholar
Berkman, D. S., Lescano, A. G., Gilman, R. H., Lopez, S. L. and Black, M. M. (2002). Effects of stunting, diarrhoeal disease, and parasitic infection during infancy on cognition in late childhood: a follow-up study. Lancet 359, 564–571.Google Scholar
Bulut, B. U., Gulnar, S. B. and Syseb, D. (1996). Alternative treatment protocols in giardiasis: a pilot study. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 28, 493–495.Google Scholar
Calzada, F., Meckes, M. and Cedillo-Rivera, R. (1999). Antiamoebic and antigiardial activity of plant flavonoids. Planta Medica 65, 78–80.Google Scholar
Calzada, F., Velázquez, C., Cedillo-Rivera, R. and Esquivel, B. (2003). Antiprotozoal activity fo the constituents of Teloxys graveolens. Phytotherapy Research 17, 731–732.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Comité OMS d'Experts (1988). Importance des parasitoses intestinalis en santé publique. Bulletin de la Organizacion Mondialle de la Santé 66, 23–34.Google Scholar
Davidson, R. A. (1984). Issues in clinical parasitology : the treatment of giardiasis. American Journal of Gastroenterology 79, 256–261.Google Scholar
Domínguez, X. A. S., Sánchez, H. V., Suárez, M., Baldas, J. H. and González, M. R. (1989). Chemical Constituents of Lippia graveolens. Planta Medica 55, 208–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunn, L. A., Burgess, A. G., Krauer, K. G., Ekmann, L., Vanelle, P., Crozet, M. D., Gillin, F. D., Upcroft, P. and Upcroft, J. A. (2010). A new-generation 5-nitroimidazole can induce highly metronidazole-resistant Giardia lamblia in vitro. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 36, 37–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dutta, A. K., Phadke, M. A., Bagade, A. C., Joshi, V., Gazder, A., Biswas, T. K., Gill, H. H. and Jagota, S. C. (1994). A randomised multicentre study to compare the safety and efficacy of Albendazole and Metronidazole in the treatment of giardiasis in children. Indian Journal of Paediatrics 61, 689–693.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feng, Y. and Xiao, L. (2011). Zoonotic potential and molecular epidemiology of Giardia species and giardiasis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 24, 110–140.Google Scholar
Freeman, C. D., Klutman, N. E. and Lamp, K. C. (1997). Metronidazole. A therapeutic review and update. Drugs 54, 679–708.Google Scholar
Gardner, T. B. and Hill, D. R. (2001). Treatment of giardiasis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 14, 114–128.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harris, J. C., Plummer, S. and Lloyd, D. (2001). Antigiardial drugs. Applied Microbiology Biotechnology 57, 614–619.Google Scholar
Jokipii, L. and Jokipii, A. M. M. (1980). In vitro susceptibility of Giardia lamblia trophozoites to Metronidazole and Tinidazole. Journal of Infectious Diseases 141, 317–325.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jokipii, L. and Jokipii, A. M. M. (1982). Treatment of Giardiasis: comparative evaluation of Ornidazole and Tinidazole as a single oral dose. Gastroenterology 83, 399–404.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Legator, M. S., Connor, T. H. and Stoeckel, M. (1975). Detection of mutagenic activity of Metronidazole and Niridazole in body fluids of humans and mice. Science 1888, 1118–1119.Google Scholar
Machado, M., Dinis, A. M., Salgueiro, L., Cavaleiro, C., Custódio, J. B. A. and Sousa, C. M. (2010). Anti-Giardia activity of phenolic-rich essential oils: effects of Thymbra capitata, Origanum virens, Thymus zygis, subsp sylvestris, and Lippia graveolens on trophozoites growth, viability, adherence, and ultrastructure. Parasitology Research 106, 1205–1215. DOI 10.1007s00436-010-1800-7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mandalari, G., Bisignano, C., D'Arrigo, M., Ginestra, G., Arena, A., Tomaino, A. and Wickhamm, M. S. J. (2010). Antimicrobial potencial of polyphenols extracted from almond skins. Letters in Applied Microbiology 51, 83–89.Google Scholar
Mendelson, R. M. (1980). The treatment of giardiasis. Transaction of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 74, 438–439.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mitelman, F., Hartley-Asp, B. and Ursing, B. (1976). Chromosome aberrations and Metronidazole. Lancet, October 9, 802.Google Scholar
Pickering, L. K. (1985). Problems in diagnosing and managing giardiasis. Pediatric Infectious Diseases Suppl., S6–10.Google Scholar
Ponce- Macotela, M., Gómez-Garduño, J., González-Maciel, A., Reynoso-Robles, R., Anislado-Tolentino, V. and Martínez-Gordillo, M. N. (2001). Determinación in vitro de la susceptibilidad a la Nitazoxanida de cuatro aislados de Giardia intestinalis obtenidos de diferentes huéspedes. Revista de Investigación Clinica 53, 41–45.Google Scholar
Ponce-Macotela, M., Navarro-Alegría, I., Martínez-Gordillo, M. N. and Alvarez-Chacón, R. (1994). Efecto antigiardiásico in vitro de 14 extractos de plantas. Revista de Investigación Clinica 46, 343–347.Google Scholar
Ponce-Macotela, M., Rufino-González, Y., González-Maciel, A., Reynoso-Robles, R. and Martínez-Gordillo, M. N. (2006). Oregano (Lippia spp) kills Giardia intestinalis trophozoites in vitro: antigiardiasic activity and ultrastructural damage. Parasitology Research 98, 557–560.Google Scholar
Romero, C. R., Robert, G. L., Muñoz, G. M. R. and Geyne, C. A. (1997). Nitazoxanide for the treatment of intestinal protozoan and helminthic infections in Mexico. Transaction of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 91, 701–703.Google Scholar
Sangster, N., Batterham, P., Chapman, D. H., Duraisingh, M., Jambre, L. L., Shirley, M., Upcroft, J. A. and Upcroft, P. (2002). Resistance to antiparasitic drugs: the role of the molecular diagnosis. International Journal for Parasitology 32, 637–652.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spellman, P. (1985). Single-dose Tinidazole for treatment of giardiasis. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 27, 227–229.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Upcroft, P. (1994). Multiple drug resistance in the pathogenic protozoa. Acta Tropica 56, 195–212.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Upcroft, J. A., Campbell, R. W., Benakli, K., Upcroft, P. and Vanelle, P. (1999). Efficacy of new 5-nitroimidazoles against Metronidazole-susceptible and resistant Giardia, Trichomonas, and Entamoeba spp. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, 73–76.Google Scholar
Upcroft, J. A., Campbell, R. W. and Upcroft, P. (1996). Quinacrine-resistant Giardia intestinalis. Parasitology 112, 309–313.Google Scholar
Upcroft, P. and Upcroft, J. A. (2001). Drugs targets and mechanisms of resistance in anaerobic protozoa. Clinical Microbiology Review 14, 150–164.Google Scholar